Humans and other animals need to make inferences about their environment under constraints of limited time, knowledge, and computational capacities. However, most theories of inductive inferences model the human mind as a supercomputer like a Laplacean demon, equipped with unlimited time, knowledge, and computational capacities. In this article I review models of fast and frugal inference, that...

Recently, intuitionist theories have been effective in capturing the academic discourse about morality. Intuitionist theories, like rationalist theories, offer important but only partial understanding of moral functioning. Both can be fallacious and succumb to truthiness: the attachment to one's opinions because they "feel right," potentially leading to harmful action or inaction. Both intuitio...

How and when do children develop an understanding of extraordinary mental capacities? The current study tested 56 preschoolers on false-belief and knowledge-ignorance tasks about the mental states of contrasting agents--some agents were ordinary humans, some had exceptional perceptual capacities, and others possessed extraordinary mental capacities. Results indicated that, in contrast to younge...

The lexical approach is a method in differential psychology that uses people's estimations of verbal descriptors of human behavior in order to derive the structure of human individuality. The validity of the assumptions of this method about the objectivity of people's estimations is rarely questioned. Meanwhile the social nature of language and the presence of emotionality biases in cognition a...

Mind perception is studied for three different agents: a human, an artificial human, and a humanoid robot. The artificially created agents are presented as being undistinguishable from a human. Each agent is rated on 15 mental capacities. Three mind perception dimensions are identified Experience, Agency, and Cognition. The artificial agents are rated higher on the Cognition dimensions than on ...

Human cognitive capacity includes recursively definable concepts, which are prevalent in domains involving lists, numbers, and languages. Cognitive science currently lacks a satisfactory explanation for the systematic nature of such capacities (i.e., why the capacity for some recursive cognitive abilities-e.g., finding the smallest number in a list-implies the capacity for certain others-findin...

although improvement and accumulation of human capital is depending on state policy, every state hasn't this capability. meritocratic bureaucracies, extractive capability, acconntability and rationalization of relations with society promote capacity and authonomy in developmental state model. according to the study hypothesis, structure and nature of the ninth and tenth governments was the...

although improvement and accumulation of human capital  depends on state policy, every state hasn't this capability. meritocratic bureaucracies, extractive capability, accountability and rationalization of relations with society promote capacity and autonomy in developmental state model. according to the study hypothesis, structure and nature of the ninth and tenth governments was the main...