Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease caused by leishmania species. Dogs are considered to be the main reservoir of VL. A number of methods and antigen-based assays are used for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. However, currently available methods are mainly based on direct examination of tissues for the presence of parasites, which is highly invasive. A variety of serological tests ...

background: the humbug gene is a truncated isoform of aspartyl β-hydroxylase (asph) gene that is overexpressed in many human malignancies. in recent years, since humbug has received increasing attention, it is considered as a potential therapeutic molecular target. therefore, it is necessary for preparing humbug protein and its monoclonal antibody to investigate its structure and function. meth...

Hepcidin is an innate immune element which decreases the iron absorption from diet and iron releasing from macrophage cell. In contrast to the chemical iron chelators, there has been limited effort applied to the specific use of hepcidin as a new drug for decreasing the iron overload. Hepcidin is produced in different biological systems. For instance, E-coli is used for human hepcidin expressio...

Background: T cell Immunoglobulin, Mucin (TIM)-3, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to TIM family. This receptor expresses on T helper type 1 (Th1) cells that binds to galectin-9 (Gal9); inducing an inhibitory signal. As a result, apoptosis of Th1 cells occurs and cytotoxicity of CD8 T cells becomes evident in vitro. Therefore, this immunomodulatory molecule may ...

the human papillomavirus l1 major capsid protein (hpv l1), the basis of the current vaccines, self-assembles into virus-like particles (vlps). herein, we describe the expression and purification of recombinant hpv16 l1 in e. coli system. the l1 protein was generated in a fused form using an inducible expression system. the recombinant gst-l1 fusion protein migrated as a 82 kda protein in sds-pa...

visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a zoonotic disease caused by leishmania species. dogs are considered to be the main reservoir of vl. a number of methods and antigen-based assays are used for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. however, currently available methods are mainly based on direct examination of tissues for the presence of parasites, which is highly invasive. a variety of serological tests ...

Background: Single domain antibodies from camel heavy chain antibodies (VHH or nanobody), are advantages due to higher solubility, stability, high homology with human antibody, lower immunogenicity and low molecular weight. These criteria make them candidates for production of engineered antibody fragments particularly in transgenic animals. Objective: To study the development of transgenic ch...