the madden julian oscillation (mjo) is known as the primary mode of large-scale inter-seasonal variability in tropical regions that affects equatorial and extra-tropical climates. it was characterized as a 45-60 day wave that develops over the tropical indian ocean and then travels east across the tropics at 5-10 m/s. the phenomenon has a frequency of 6-12 events per year associated with a peri...

background : composite resin restorations may have a short lifespan due to the degradation of resin–dentin interface. ethanol wet bonding technique may extend the longevity of resin–dentin bond. the purpose of this one year randomized clinical trial was to compare clinical performance of two adhesives with ethanol wet bonding technique. materials and methods: this randomized clinical trial was ...

This study evaluated the effect of water on dentin substrate bonding of one-bottle self-etching adhesives. Dentin substrates were divided into two groups: wet and dry dentin. Wet dentin is the normal substrate for bond testing whereas dry dentin was dehydrated in a desiccator for 24 hours. Bonded dehydrated teeth were then divided into two subgroups: stored in water or in desiccator for 24 hour...

Does the dryness of tooth surface influence the bonding efficacy of self-adhesive resin cement? I would like to know how much I should dry the tooth surface for better adhesion of self-adhesive resin cement. Q Self-adhesive resin cements are designed to adhere to the tooth substrate without a separate adhesive or etchant. The first commercial product, RelyX Unicem, was launched in 2002 and gain...

This study investigated the effects of in-office tooth whiteners on the hardness of hybrid (Spectrum TPH), polyacid-modified (Dyract AP), PRG (Reactmer) composites and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji II LC). Twenty-seven specimens of each material were fabricated, randomly divided into three groups of nine and treated as follows--Group 1: stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C fo...

Corn stover has great potential as a biomass feedstock, but harvest and storage of this material is challenged by weather conditions at harvest; material moisture; and equipment shortcomings. Field drying characteristics, harvest efficiency and rate, product bulk density, and storage characteristics were quantified for stover harvested and stored in wet or dry form. Only in one case did stover ...

statement of problem: there are controversial reports regarding physical and mechanical properties of resin composites and glass ionomer cements. some revealed higher strength and hardness for resin composites while others showed a comparable value for glass ionomer cements. evaluation of mechanical properties of different types of resin composites in comparison with resin modified glass ionome...

This study was conducted to clarify the influence of dentin surface moisture on bond strength of single-step self-etch adhesive systems. The adhesive systems used were Adper Prompt L-Pop (AP), Clearfil tri-S Bond (CT), Fluoro Bond Shake One (FB), G-Bond (GB), and One-Up Bond F Plus (OF). Bovine mandibular incisors were wet-ground with #600 SiC to expose the labial dentin. After rinsing with tap...