[1] In this study, we directly derive first-order analytical solutions to the pressure head moments (mean and variance) for one-dimensional steady state unsaturated flow in randomly heterogeneous layered soil columns under various random boundary conditions. We assume that the constitutive relation between the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and the pressure head follows an exponential model...

In the management of water distribution networks, large energy savings can be yielded by exploiting the head drop due to the network pressure control strategy, i.e., for leak reductions. Hydropower in small streams is already exploited, but technical solutions combining efficiency and economic convenience are still required. In water distribution networks, an additional design problem comes out...

[1] The generalized radial flow approach to hydraulic test interpretation uses the flow dimension to describe the change in flow area versus radial distance from the borehole. The flow dimension of a hydraulic test may reflect several characteristics of the hydrogeologic system, including heterogeneity, boundaries, and leakage. We show that a radial flow system with a linear, constant-head boun...

[1] Most studies in vadose zone hydrology use a single conceptual model for predictive inference and analysis. Focusing on the outcome of a single model is prone to statistical bias and underestimation of uncertainty. In this study, we combine multiobjective optimization and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to generate forecast ensembles of soil hydraulic models. To illustrate our method, we use ...

Permeable pavements are a common solution for wearing course layers in roads and urban areas. They composed by highly porous materials with permeability several orders of magnitude above the natural terrain. This work presents, on one hand, experimental characterisation hydraulic behaviour permeable asphalt concrete layer and, other development validation two-dimensional coupled hydraulic-hydro...

Vertical hydraulic gradient is commonly measured in rivers, lakes, and streams for studies of groundwater-surface water interaction. While a number of methods with subtle differences have been applied, these methods can generally be separated into two categories; measuring surface water elevation and pressure in the subsurface separately or making direct measurements of the head difference with...

One of the important parameters for determining the discharge through the subsurface system in groundwater engineering is hydraulic conductivity coefficient. This parameters the factor of oil skeleton and fluid properties. The horizontal and vertical components of saturated hydraulic conductivity coefficient can be obtained from the laboratory and field testing methods. Those are usually consta...

oped (Wind, 1968; Becher, 1971; Boels et al., 1978; Schindler, 1980; Tamari et al., 1993; Wendroth et al., Soil hydraulic properties are important parameters affecting water 1993; Halbertsma and Veerman, 1994). flow in variably saturated soils. We estimated the hydraulic properties from a laboratory evaporation experiment using both a parameter An important modification was suggested by Wind es...

Data obtained from modified cone penetrometer experiments were used to estimate the hysteretic soil hydraulic properties with a parameter estimation technique which combined a numerical solution of the Richards equation with Marquardt-Levenberg optimization. The modified cone penetrometer was designed to inject water into a soil through a cylindrical screen, measure the infiltration rate with t...

A key parameter used in wetland hydrological and landform development models is hydraulic conductivity. Head recovery tests are often used to measure hydraulic conductivity, but the calculation techniques are usually confined to rigid soil theory. This is despite reports demonstrating the misapplication of rigid soil theory to non-rigid soils such as peats. Although values of hydraulic conducti...