Safety Of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is the overarching principle for all offshore operations and one of the major contributing factors to SOLAS is quality navigational charts that are comprehensive and adhere to International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO) established standards of accuracy. However, a chart is only as good as the data that is used to compile it and one of the more challenging areas ...

The increasing availability of geospatial marine data provides an opportunity for hydrographic offices to contribute to the identification of “Potentially Polluting Marine Sites” (PPMS). These include shipwrecks, oil rigs, pipelines, and dumping areas. To adequately assess the environmental risk of these sites, relevant information must be collected and converted into a multi-scale geodatabase ...

Hydrographic surveying and nautical charting play a vital role in the safety of navigation in coastal areas, and are thus essential to world maritime commerce. However, the status of hydrographic surveys and nautical charting world-wide is usually quite poor. As a result of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), coastal states will be responsible for surveying and chartin...

Breiðamerkurjökull flows from the Vatnajökull ice cap and calves into the Jökulsárlón proglacial lagoon. The lagoon is connected to the North Atlantic Ocean through a 6 m deep narrow channel. Four hydrographic surveys in spring 2012, and a 2011 4-month long temperature and salinity time series of lagoon inflow show that the lake has significantly changed since 1976. Warm saline ocean water ente...

This work is a part of the Taiwan Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation, the first large scale hydrographic and plankton survey around Taiwan (21-26°N, 119-123°E). The present study examined the influence of hydrodynamic and biological variables driven by monsoon system on the siphonophore assemblages through an annual cycle in 2004. Calycophorans, namely Chelophyes appendiculata, Diphyes...

Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in surface waters were measured at 137 hydrographic stations occupied by four research vessels participating in the CCAMLR 2000 Survey and the values were compared to estimates from data acquired by the SeaWiFS satellite. The Chl-a concentrations measured on board ship ranged from 0.06 to 14.6mg m , a range that includes most surface Chl-a concentrations dur...

Ellipsodially referenced survey (ERS) is considered as one of the challenging issues in the hydrographic surveys due to the fact that the bathymetric data collected by this technique can be readily transformed either to the geodetic or the chart datum by application of some geoscientific models, such as geoid, hydrodynamic and sea surface topographic model. GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Sys...