Chronic kidney disease (CKD) guidelines recommend evaluating patients with GFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) for complications, but little evidence supports the use of a single GFR threshold for all metabolic disorders. We used data from the NephroTest cohort, including 1038 adult patients who had stages 2 through 5 CKD and were not on dialysis, to study the occurrence of metabolic complications. GF...

BACKGROUND Dysregulation of phosphate homeostasis as occurs in chronic kidney disease is associated with cardiovascular complications. It has been suggested that both hyperphosphatemia and hypophosphatemia can cause cardiovascular disease. The molecular mechanisms by which high or low serum phosphate levels adversely affect cardiovascular function are poorly understood. The purpose of this stud...

There has been an exponential increase in the incidence of diabetes and hypertension in India in the last few decades, with a proportional increase in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Preventive health care and maintenance of asymptomatic chronic disease such as CKD are often neglected by patients until they become symptomatic with fluid retention and uremia. Management of hyperphosphatemia in CKD...

Cardiovascular events are the most frequent cause of death in patients with chronic renal failure (1–2). Heterotopic calcification of blood vessel walls occurs frequently with advanced age, atherosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus (3). In chronic renal failure, autopsy (4–5) and clinical investigations (6) have documented a higher prevalence of coronary plaques in dialyzed patients compared with ...

In chronic renal failure, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperparathyroidism, reduced activation of vitamin D, decreased level of calcium-sensing receptor, osteitis fibrosa, and osteomalacia are features related to calcium abnormalities. Hyperparathyroidism is a risk factor for survival of hemodialysis patients as well as hypoparathyroidism, which is another feature in hemodialysis patients. ...

Hyperphosphatemia is an unusual manifestation in patients with multiple myeloma without a significantly reduced glomerular filtration rate. Serum phosphate may be falsely elevated when a large amount of paraproteins is present in the serum, because ultraviolet light absorbance is elevated with the phosphomolybdate ultraviolet assay, which is most commonly used for serum phosphate measurement. T...

calcium acetate is used as an oral phosphate binder to control hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic renal failure. compared to calcium carbonate, control of hyperphosphatemia can be achieved at lower calcium administration with calcium acetate which likely reduces the risk of hypercalcemia. in this study, various formulations of calcium acetate tablets were prepared and their disintegrati...

2.2 Na DRC estágios III e IV, a ingestão dietética de P deverá ser mantida em valores que atendam a recomendação de proteínas entre 0,6 e 0,8 g/kg/dia, porém não superior a 700 mg/dia se o P estiver acima dos valores normais e/ou se o paratormônio (PTH) estiver acima do nível recomendado para o estágio da DRC (Opinião). 2.3 Na DRC estágio V D, a ingestão dietética de P deverá estar entre 800 e ...