Thirty-three patients undergoing elective transurethral resection of the prostate were allocated randomly to receive either 0.9% isotonic saline 7 ml kg-1 (16 patients), or 3% hypertonic saline 7 ml kg-1 (17 patients) as a preload before spinal anaesthesia. After spinal anaesthesia, the incidence of systolic arterial pressure < 75% of control value was greater in the normal saline group than in...

Bronchiolitis is a common disorder in young children that often results in hospitalisation. Except for a possible effect of nebulised hypertonic saline (sodium chloride), no evidence-based therapy is available. This study investigated the efficacy of nebulised 3% and 6% hypertonic saline compared with 0.9% hypertonic saline in children hospitalised with viral bronchiolitis. In this multicentre,...

BACKGROUND Hypertonic saline is often used to resuscitate patients experiencing shock. In such conditions, polymorphonuclear cells and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) form an essential part of early induced innate immunity. OBJECTIVE To investigate the immunomodulatory effect of hypertonic saline on polymorphonuclear cells by evaluating the changes in TLR-4 receptors and proinflammatory cytokines....

Small volume hypertonic saline resuscitation can be beneficial for treating hemorrhagic shock, but the mechanism remains poorly defined. We investigated the effects of hemorrhagic resuscitation with hypertonic saline on cardiac (CSNA) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and the resulting cardiovascular consequences. Studies were performed on conscious sheep instrumented with cardiac (n=...

The present review discusses the hemodynamic and immune-modulatory effects of hypertonic saline in experimental shock and in patients with sepsis. We comment on the mechanisms of action of hypertonic saline, calling upon data in hemorrhagic and septic shock. Specific actions of hypertonic saline applicable to severe sepsis and septic shock are highlighted. Data available support potential benef...

Continuous hypertonic saline for hemispheric ischemic infarcts has been routinely used in neurocritical centers the management of malignant cerebral edema. However, data supporting its use are extremely limited. We present a systematic literature review that highlights five studies (one randomized control trial and four retrospective cohort) where effects continuous were studied patients with a...

Tonicity of saline (NaCl) is important in regulating cellular functions and homeostasis. Hypertonic saline is administered to treat many inflammatory diseases, including cystic fibrosis. Excess neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, or NETosis, is associated with many pathological conditions including chronic inflammation. Despite the known therapeutic benefits of hypertonic saline, its...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of two different saline solutions on the mechanisms of injury after intestinal ischemia: oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. METHODS Wistar rats underwent transient superior mesenteric artery occlusion and were studied for 6 hours after reperfusion. After randomization, the animals were divided into four groups: Sham; Hypertonic Saline, in which t...

OBJECTIVES Hypertonic saline has been proposed to modulate the inflammatory cascade in certain experimental conditions, including pulmonary inflammation caused by inhaled gastric contents. The present study aimed to assess the potential anti-inflammatory effects of administering a single intravenous dose of 7.5% hypertonic saline in an experimental model of acute lung injury induced by hydrochl...