following use of a laryngeal mask airway. Anaesthesia 1994; 49: 786–787. 3. Stewart A, Lindsay WA. Bilateral hypoglossal nerve injury following the use of the laryngeal mask airway. Anaesthesia 2002; 57: 264–265. 4. Sommer M, Schuldt M, Runge U, Gielen-Wijffels S, Marcus MA. Bilateral hypoglossal nerve injury following the use of the laryngeal mask without the use of nitrous oxide. Acta Anaesth...

The authors present the case of a patient that demonstrates resolution of delayed onset hypoglossal nerve palsy (HNP) subsequent to occipital condyle fracture following a motor vehicle accident. Decompression of the hypoglossal nerve and craniocervical fixation led to satisfactory long-term (>5 years) outcome. There is a scarcity of literature in recognizing HNPs following trauma and a lack of ...

Mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric muscles are supplied by a branch from the inferior alveolar nerve called the mylohyoid branch. Here we present an unusual finding in a 60-year-old male cadaver in which the mylohyoid muscle is supplied by a branch from hypoglossal nerve in addition to its usual nerve supply. Hypoglossal nerve after giving superior root of the ansa cervicalis and mus...

We reassessed and provided new insights into the findings that were obtained in our previous experiments that employed the injections of combined adrenergic, serotonergic, GABAergic, and glycinergic antagonists into the hypoglossal nucleus in order to pharmacologically abolish the depression of hypoglossal nerve activity that occurred during carbachol-induced rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep-like...

OBJECTIVE To characterize the changes in the anteroposterior dimensions of both the retropalatal and retrolingual airway spaces of the pharynx and hyoid bone position during hypoglossal nerve stimulation under general anesthesia in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Academic center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cross-table fluoroscopic images obtained dur...

BACKGROUND Hypoglossal nerve stimulation has been demonstrated to relieve upper airway obstruction acutely, but its effect on obstructive sleep apnea is not known. OBJECTIVE To determine the response in obstructive sleep apnea to electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve. METHODS Eight patients with obstructive sleep apnea were implanted with a device that stimulated the hypoglossal n...

Collet-Sicard syndrome is a rare syndrome that involves paralysis of 9th to 12th cranial nerves. We report an uncommon case of schwannoma of the hypoglossal nerve in a 39-year-old woman presented with slurred speech, hoarse voice, and swallowing difficulty. Physical examination revealed decreased gag reflex on the right side, decreased laryngeal elevation, tongue deviation to the right side, an...

State-dependent reductions in serotonin delivery to upper airway dilator motoneuron activity may contribute to sleep apnea. The functional significance of serotonin receptor subtypes implicated in excitation of dilator motor neurons was evaluated in anesthetized, paralyzed, mechanically ventilated adult rats (n = 108). The effects of antagonists selective for serotonin receptor subtypes 2A, 2C,...

Hypoglossal nerve palsy induces palsy in the ipsilateral lingual muscles, resulting in tongue deviation and articulation disorder. It is a rare condition that may stem from a variety of causes. Therefore, it is important to consider the possible causes of hypoglossal nerve palsy related to surgery or anesthesia, including intubation, the surgical positions, and mask ventilation during recovery.

Benign extramedullary tumours of the foramen magnum region are largely schwannomas and meningiomas. Tumours originating from the motor part of cranial nerves, such as the VIIth, IXth, XIth and XIIth cranial nerves, are extremely rare. Hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII) schwannomas are such an example, usually arising intracranially and, in exceptional cases, extending into the extracranial c...