AIM To provide estimates of the costs of severe and non-severe insulin-related hypoglycaemia in the UK using the Local Impact of Hypoglycaemia Tool. METHODS Rates of hypoglycaemia were extracted from the UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group observational study. The costs of severe and non-severe hypoglycaemic episodes in insulin-treated adults with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes were estimated from UK da...

BACKGROUND Hypoglycaemia has been associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk and mortality in a number of recent multicentre trials, but the mechanistic links driving this association remain ill defined. This review aims to summarize the available data on how hypoglycaemia may affect CV risk in patients with diabetes. METHODS This was a systematic review of available mechanistic and c...

Background & Objectives: Streptozotocin (STZ) is used for induction of Type-1 diabetes mellitus in animal models. Its beta-cytotoxic action results in sudden release of insulin leading to severe hypoglycaemia and even mortality. However, its sensitivity varies with species. Present investigation was aimed at studying STZ induced acute clinical effects in rabbits. Methods: Str...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of nocturnal hypoglycaemia on sleep architecture in adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). DESIGN 20 adolescents with IDDM (mean age 12.8 years, mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 8.9%) were studied on one night. Plasma glucose was measured every 30 minutes and cortisol and growth hormone levels every 60 minutes. Sleep was recorded using ...

Neonatal hypoglycaemia is not in itself a medical condition, but can be an indication of underlying illness or a failure to adapt physiologically to the outside world at birth. Hypoglycaemia can lead to death if it is not recognised, and long term neurodevelopmental outcomes are still not clear. It is almost 70 years since hypoglycaemia was first recognised in newborn and older infants but cont...

OBJECTIVE Hypoglycaemia is the commonest diabetic emergency and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. This study looked at the use of the emergency services by people with diabetes, with particular reference to hypoglycaemia. METHOD Data were collected on all attendances related to diabetes at accident and emergency departments at two district general hospitals in Surrey, U...

AIMS To design and conduct preliminary validation of a measure of hypoglycaemia awareness and problematic hypoglycaemia, the Hypoglycaemia Awareness Questionnaire. METHODS Exploratory and cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted with 17 adults (nine of whom were women) with Type 1 diabetes (mean ± sd age 48 ± 10 years). Questionnaire items were modified in consultation with diabetologis...

For patients with diabetes, hypoglycaemia can present a number of risks ranging from mild to life-threatening in severity. Frequently occurring hypoglycaemia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have found associations between intensive glycaemia treatment and an increased incidence of hypoglycaemia, prompting much discussion concerning the clinical significance ...

BACKGROUND Diabetic patients on insulin and sulphonylureas are at risk of developing hypoglycaemia. Many patients do not respond appropriately because of poor knowledge and understanding of the symptoms of hypoglycaemia, which if not promptly treated can lead to permanent neurological and renal damage. Hypoglycaemic complications can be avoided if patients have a good knowledge of the early sym...

Gastric carcinoma may rarely be the cause of tumour-associated hypoglycaemia. We report the case of an elderly woman who presented in hypoglycaemic coma, and who was found subsequently to have an adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Hypoglycaemia persisted despite prednisolone, diazoxidef and a high concentration dextrose infusion. The few published cases are reviewed in which an association was esta...