There is a need to develop clinical outcome measures for future treatment trials, particularly for pediatric studies and for studies of rare disorders for which such outcome metrics are neither currently well-defined nor validated. Patient-reported outcome measures should reflect outcomes that are meaningful to patient-perceived quality of life and sensitive to patient-identified change over ti...

We sought to characterize perfusion patterns of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy lesions by arterial spin labelling perfusion magnetic resonance imaging and to analyse their association with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, and survival. A total of 22 patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy underwent a clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging of ...

Advances in the treatment of melanoma with novel systemic therapies have meaningfully increased survival of patients. The brain is a common early site for melanoma metastases. Whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is of limited effectiveness for radioresistant histologies such as melanoma and has been associated with white matter change and cognitive dysfunction. Prior studies of leukoencephalop...

Quantitative MRI assessment of leukoencephalopathy is difficult because the MRI properties of leukoencephalopathy significantly overlap those of normal tissue. This report describes the use of an automated procedure for longitudinal measurement of tissue volume and relaxation times to quantify leukoencephalopathy. Images derived by using this procedure in patients undergoing therapy for acute l...

The immunosuppressant tacrolimus (FK506) is widely used in transplantation medicine. An acute leukoencephalopathy with clinical and radiologic features similar to posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a common side effect of tacrolimus, and usually develops within the first year of commencing treatment, but a delayed and chronic leukoencephalopathy has been reported rarely in t...

BACKGROUND Among the rare neurological complications of substances of abuse is the selective cerebral white matter injury (leukoencephalopathy). Of which, the syndrome of delayed post hypoxic encephalopathy (DPHL) that follows an acute drug overdose, in addition to "chasing the dragon" toxicity which results from chronic heroin vapor inhalation remain the most commonly described syndromes of to...

OBJECTIVE To describe a 71-year-old woman who developed clinical and neuroradiological features of posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome with a compromised blood-brain barrier after 5 days of intravenous linezolid therapy for an infected hip prosthesis. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Academic research. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome was do...