This paper distinguishes three conceptual problems that attend philosophical accounts of consciousness. The first concerns the problem of properly characterizing the nature of consciousness itself, the second is the problem of making intelligible the relation between consciousness and the ‘physical’, and the third is the problem of creating the intellectual space for a shift in philosophical fr...

The use of injectable local anesthetic solutions to facilitate pain-free surgery is an integral component of many procedures performed by the plastic surgeon. In many instances, a solution that has both rapid onset and prolonged duration of analgesia is optimal. A combination of lidocaine and bupivacaine, plain or with epinephrine, is readily available in most Canadian health care settings wher...

In this issue of JASN, Campos et al. report a well performed, prospective, randomized clinical trial demonstrating the benefit of an antimicrobial catheter lock solution (ACL) containing minocycline and EDTA (M-EDTA) in the prevention of hemodialysis catheter-related bacteremia.1 It is unclear why most nephrologists do not use ACLs in this setting; a number of clinical trials consistently demon...

Product innovative design in companies today relies heavily on individual members’ experience and creative ideation as well as their skills of integrating creativity and innovation tools with design methods agilely. Creative ideation and inventive ideas generation are two crucial stages in product innovative design process. Ideal solution is the desire final ideas for given problem, and the str...

The statistical mechanics of a noninteracting polymer chain in the limit of a large number of monomers is considered when the total angular momentum L is fixed. The radius of gyration for a ring polymer in this situation is derived exactly in closed form by functional integration techniques. Even when L=0 the radius of gyration differs from that of a random walk by a prefactor of order unity. T...

Given an infinite set X and an ideal I of subsets of X, the set of all finitary operations on X which map all (powers of) I-small sets to I-small sets is a clone. In [CH01], G. Czédli and L. Heindorf asked whether or not for two particular ideals I and J on a countably infinite set X, the corresponding ideal clones were a covering in the lattice of clones. We give an affirmative answer to this ...

A parallel adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) scheme is described for solving the hyperbolic system of partial-differential equations governing ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows in three space dimensions. This highly parallelized algorithm adopts a cell-centered upwind finite-volume discretization procedure and uses limited solution reconstruction, approximate Riemann solvers, and explicit mult...

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The classical panel method has been extensively used in external aerodynamics to calculate ideal flow fields around moving vehicles or stationary structures in unbounded domains. However, the panel method, as a somewhat simpler implementation of the boundary element method, has rarely been employed to solve problems in closed complex domains. This paper aims at filling this gap and discusses th...