population growth rating, high food demand, and land resource challenges have led to more serious studies of production factors especially the scarce water and soil resources. one of the most basic data items in land resources is the soil map. therefore, in the process of the present research for preparing soil maps of some soil quality indices at the faculty of agriculture experimental field (...

In order to estimate rainfall magnitude at unmeasured locations, this entry to the Spatial Interpolation Comparison of 1997 (SIC'97) used 2-dimensional, anisotropic, inverse-distance weighting interpolator (IDW), with cross-validation as a method of optimizing the interpolator's parameters. A jackknife resampling was then used to reduce bias of the predictions and estimate their uncertainty. Th...

Accurate methods quantifying whole landfill surface flux of methane are important for regulatory and research purposes. This paper presents the results from the analysis of chamber measurements utilizing geospatial techniques [kriging and inverse distance weighting (IDW)] to arrive at an estimation of the whole landfill surface flux from the spatially distributed chamber measurement points. The...

There are nearly 8,000 sites in the United States for which detailed climatologies of various atmospheric variables have been produced. However, spatial interpolation of these point climatologies via traditional techniques (IDW, kriging, etc.) is often not accurate, especially in mountainous regions, coastal zones, or data sparse areas. This paper discusses NCDC's preliminary efforts to combine...

The concept and the computation of terrain representation error (ETR) are investigated and total DEM error is presented as an accuracy index for DEM evaluation at a global level. A promising method of surface modelling based on the theorem of surfaces (SMTS) has been developed. A numerical test and a real-world example are employed to comparatively analyze the simulation accuracy of SMTS and th...

Near surface air temperature (NSAT) is a primary descriptor of terrestrial environmental conditions. In recent decades, many efforts have been made to develop various methods for obtaining spatially continuous NSAT from gauge or station observations. This study compared three spatial interpolation (i.e., Kriging, Spline, and Inversion Distance Weighting (IDW)) and two regression analysis (i.e.,...

A new simulation-optimization methodology is developed for cost-effective sampling network design associated with long-term monitoring of large-scale contaminant plumes. The new methodology is similar in concept to the one presented by Reed et al. (Reed, P.M., Minsker, B.S., Valocchi, A.J., 2000a. Cost-effective long-term groundwater monitoring design using a genetic algorithm and global mass i...

Spatial interpolation is widely used in geographical information systems to create continuous surfaces from discrete data points. The creation of such surfaces, however, can involve considerable computation, especially when large problems are addressed, because of the need to search for neighbors on which to base interpolation calculations. Computational Grids provide the computing resources to...

This article proposes a new approach for determining the optimal parameter (β) in Inverse Distance Weighted Method (IDW) spatial interpolation of hydrological data series. is based on genetic algorithm (GA) and finds unique β entire study region, while classical one determines different βs interpolated The proposed four scenarios crossover/mutation: single-point/uniform, single-point/swap, two-...

Various studies are currently underway on PM (Particulate Matter) monitoring in view of the importance air quality public health management. Spatial interpolation has been used to estimate concentrations due that it can overcome shortcomings station-based and provide spatially continuous information. However, is affected by a combination several factors, only considers spatial relationship betw...