An explicit procedure to construct a family of martingales generated by a process with independent increments is presented. The main tools are the polynomials that give the relationship between the moments and cumulants, and a set of martingales related to the jumps of the process called Teugels martingales.

The design and operation of a noncontact surface profilometry system based on the time-correlated single-photon-counting technique are described. This system has a robust optomechanical design and uses an eye-safe laser that makes it particularly suitable for operation in an uncontrolled industrial environment. The sensitivity of the photon-counting technique permits its use on a variety of tar...

R ecently there’s been a push among some of our clients to start bringing 3d imaging systems in-house. In the majority of cases the client wants my company to provide some form of training to help them get off on the right foot. Although we are in the consulting business, training is a different animal. We’ve worked for years, continuously refining our processes and tools, investing in R&D and ...

Lensless ghost imaging (LGI) with thermal light requires an equal length between the test and reference arms. When this condition is not met, the image becomes blurred. Here we propose an experimental scheme of LGI where the lengths of the two arms are not equal. Our experiment shows that when a glass rod is inserted into a longer arm, the clear image can be formed in the intensity correlation ...

A new technique for high fidelity three-dimensional imaging of atomic structure with gamma-ray holography is demonstrated. A complex hologram was constructed from holograms recorded for different values of the nuclear scattering amplitude on both sides of the (57)Fe Mössbauer resonance. The holographic reconstruction was applied to this complex hologram resulting in a twin-image-free image of t...

This review article aims to describe and discuss the imaging techniques most commonly used in medicine and dentistry to obtain three-dimensional images of the craniofacial complex. Three-dimensional imaging techniques provide extensive possibilities for the detailed and precise analysis of the whole craniofacial complex, for virtual (on-screen) simulation and real simulation of orthognathic sur...

Optical imaging techniques offer simplistic while highly sensitive modalities for molecular imaging research. In this chapter, the major instrumental necessities for microscopic and whole-animal imaging techniques are introduced. Subsequently, the resulting imaging modalities using visible or near-infrared light are presented and discussed. The aim is to show the current capabilities and applic...

We propose a novel technique for arbitrary wavefront shaping in quadratic nonlinear crystals by introducing the concept of computer-generated holograms (CGHs) into the nonlinear optical regime. We demonstrate the method experimentally showing a conversion of a fundamental Gaussian beam pump light into the first three Hermite-Gaussian beams at the second harmonic in a stoichiometric lithium tant...