This study intends to examine the nature & direction of relationship between stock market movements, particularly decline, and its liquidity in 14 selected emerged emerging economies (G8+5 Pakistan) for January 2001 through December 2017 by applying Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds test Granger-causality test. Trading value turn over ratio are employed measure liquidity. Results...

The aim of this study was to see the direction causality and investigate existence a long-run relationship between income inequality economic growth in Ethiopia. has employed annual time series data over period 1980 up 2017. This is conducted by utilizing Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) techniques. ARDL bounds testing approach been used for cointegration error correction method (ECM). un...

This study is an attempt to explore the short-term and long-term effects of fiscal deficit along with other macroeconomic variables on deteriorating trade Pakistan from 1980 2018 by using time series estimation techniques. The result autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach error correction term revealed existence cointegration among interest. estimated long-run short-run r...

The study investigates the relationship between returns of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT) and its categories; fear indices during times crisis. considered are Global Fear Index (GFI), Economic Policy Uncertainty (GEPU), Twitter based (TEU), Consumer Confidence (CCI), Infectious Diseases Equity Market Volatility (IDEMV) Crypto (CVI). Employing Granger Causality Test, Autoregressive Distributed Lag te...

This article examines whether domestic saving rate leads to higher domestic investment rate in the case of Malaysia. We argue that the results obtained from cross-sectional studies are not able to address this issue satisfactorily and highlight the importance of individual country case studies. Using the recently developed autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing procedure, the results rev...

the purpose of this study is finding the sensitivity of central bank independence measurements on its impact on inflation in iran. to this aim different measurements of the central bank independence were calculated using the indices of grilli et al. (1991), cukierman et al. (1992), mathew (2006) and dumiter (2009) for the period 1961-2012 . although results of correlation between cbi index and ...