BACKGROUND Adjuvant formulations are critical components of modern vaccines based on recombinant proteins, which are often poorly immunogenic without additional immune stimulants. Oil-in-water emulsions comprise an advanced class of vaccine adjuvants that are components of approved seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines. However, few reports have been published that systematically evaluate th...

ISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi.comjournalmolecules. Component of parenteral emulsions for drug and vaccine delivery. Modified paco alcazar pdf release, and cell uptake of drugs, adjuvants, and vaccines. A liquid at room temperature, squalene oil has a viscosity of 11 cP, a.The authors hypothesized that a lipid emulsion containing medium-chain triglycerides MCTs. An emulsion of MCTs and soybean, olive,...

Newcastle disease (ND) causes severe economic losses in poultry production. Despite the intensive vaccination regimes of NDV in Egypt, many outbreaks are being reported. The present study focused on the preparation and evaluation of inactivated velogenic Newcastle disease virus vaccine (genotype VII) isolated from Egyptian broiler chicken during 2015-2016. Fifty-five tissue samples including tr...

Protective parameters of embryonated egg adapted, Montanide-adjuvanted, inclusion body hepatitishydropericardium syndrome (IBH-HPS), formalin inactivated, and commercial oil-based vaccines, were recorded and analyzed in the present study. Efficacy of the vaccines was tested on the basis of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, challenge protection against IBH-HPS agent, mean body weight, ...

An effective protein-based vaccine for tuberculosis will require a safe and effective adjuvant. There are few adjuvants in approved human vaccines, including alum and the oil-in-water-based emulsions MF59 (Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics), AS03 and AS04 (GlaxoSmithKline Biologics), AF03 (Sanofi), and liposomes (Crucell). When used with pure, defined proteins, both alum and emulsion adjuvants ...

BACKGROUND The availability of H5N1 vaccines that can elicit a broad cross-protective immunity against different currently circulating clade 2 H5N1 viruses is a pre-requisite for the development of a successful pre-pandemic vaccination strategy. In this regard, it has recently been shown that adjuvantation of a recombinant clade 1 H5N1 inactivated split-virion vaccine with an oil-in-water emuls...

an inactivated agalactia vaccine was prepared with mycoplasma agalactiae in fermenter. the culture was inactivated and subsequently adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide gel. four sheep and four goats were immunized with the experimental vaccine. two doses of 1ml of vaccine were administered three weeks interval. monthly, blood samples were taken from the vaccinated animals up to the fifth month a...

BACKGROUND The increase in recent outbreaks and unpredictable changes of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in birds and humans highlights the urgent need to develop a cross-protective H5N1 vaccine. We here report our development of a multiple-clade H5N1 influenza vaccine tested for immunogenicity and efficacy to confer cross-protection in an animal model. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FIN...

The currently available influenza vaccines were developed in the 1930s through the 1960s using technologies that were state-of-the art for the times. Decades of advancement in virology and immunology have provided the tools for making better vaccines against influenza virus. Among young children, live attenuated vaccine had significantly better efficacy than inactivated vaccine. An evaluation o...