introduction: current study examined the possible role of the central nucleus of amygdala (cea) transient inactivation on the metabolic and hormonal disturbances induced by acute electro foot shock stress in female rats. considering the differences between female and male in responses to stress, this study attempts to reveal possible mechanisms underlying these differences. methods: uni- or bil...

introduction: epilepsy is a neural disorder in which abnormal plastic changes during short and long term periods lead to increased excitability of brain tissue. kindling is an animal model of epileptogenesis which results in changes of synaptic plasticity due to repetitive electrical or chemical sub-convulsive stimulations of the brain. lateral hypothalamus, as the main niche of orexin neurons ...

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background: vibrio paraheamoloyticus is one the causative agents of vibriosis with high mortality in farmed fish and shrimp and under predisposing conditions.                                  objectives: this study was aimed to assess the effect of gamma irradiation on the inactivation of v.  paraheamoloyticus under fresh and freeze-dried conditions. methods: vials of 0.5 ml fresh culture of th...

In this report we demonstrate primary non-random X chromosome inactivation following targeted mutagenesis of a region immediately upstream of XIST promoter P(1). In heterozygous animals there is a preferential inactivation of the targeted X chromosome in 80--90% of cells. The phenotype correlates with inappropriate activation of XIST in a proportion of the mutant XY embryonic stem cells. Strand...

objective(s): there are many reports about the role of rostral ventromedial medulla (rvm) in modulating stress-induced analgesia (sia). in the previous study we demonstrated that temporal inactivation of rvm by lidocaine potentiated stress-induced analgesia. in this study, we investigated the effect of permanent lesion of the rvm on sia by using formalin test as a model of acute inflammatory pa...

background: dielectric barrier discharge (dbd), a source of non-thermal plasma, is used in surface decontamination. objective: to study the effect of dbd plasma treatment, we evaluated the effect of plasma exposure time on inactivation of bacillus subtilis. results: applying the dbd plasma to the culture of b. subtilis caused complete sterilization of the surface without any thermal effects. in...

polyphenol oxidase (ppo) from tomatoes was extracted and partially purified through  (nh4)2so4 precipitation, dialysis and ion exchange chromatography. the activity of polyphenol oxidase was investigated in solanum lycopersicum. spectrophotometric method was used to assay the enzyme activity and the kinetic constants - maximum enzyme velocity (vmax) and michealis - menten constant (km). of the ...

in this study, anion-exchange chromatography was used to purify factor vii and factor ix from prothrombin complex (ppsb), which contains coagulation factors ii, vii, ix and x. for this purpose, deae-sepharose cl-6b gel , pharmacia column xk-26 , high flow rate and two stepwise gradients with phosphate citrate buffer were used. the yield of the two lyophylized products, factor vii and factor ix ...