Respiratory distress syndrome is the most common respiratory disorder in preterm infants. Over the last decade, because of improvements in neonatal care and increased use of antenatal steroids and surfactant replacement therapy, mortality from respiratory distress syndrome has dropped substantially. However, respiratory morbidity, primarily bronchopulmonary dysplasia, remains unacceptably high....

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome has been explained by the presence of a direct (pulmonary) or indirect (extrapulmonary) insult to the lung parenchyma. Evidence indicates that the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome may differ according to the type of the insult. This article presents a brief overview of the differences between pulmona...

High survival rate in 122 ARDS patients managed according to a clinical algorithm including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. beneficial effects of the 'Open Lung Approach' with low distending pressures in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Effect of protective-ventilation strategy on mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. 6 The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network. V...

OBJECTIVE The open lung approach is a mechanical ventilation strategy involving lung recruitment and a decremental positive end-expiratory pressure trial. We compared the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome network protocol using low levels of positive end-expiratory pressure with open lung approach resulting in moderate to high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure for the management of e...

Increased pulmonary vascular resistance in preterm newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome is suggested, and endothelin-1 plays an important role in pulmonary vascular reactivity in newborns. We determined umbilical cord blood and neonatal (second sample) levels of endothelin-1 in 18 preterm newborns with respiratory distress syndrome who had no clinical or echocardiographic diagnosi...

Increased pulmonary vascular resistance in preterm newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome is suggested, and endothelin-1 plays an important role in pulmonary vascular reactivity in newborns. We determined umbilical cord blood and neonatal (second sample) levels of endothelin-1 in 18 preterm newborns with respiratory distress syndrome who had no clinical or echocardiographic diagnosi...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by a diffuse inflammatory reaction of lung parenchyma induced by a direct insult to the alveolar epithelium (pulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome) or an indirect lesion through the vascular endothelium (extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome). The main therapeutic strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome is the ve...

Masturbation is a quite common human behavior which occurs in 90-94% of males and 50-60% of females at a certain point in their lives (Leung & Robson 1993). Masturbation behavior is easily recognizable and in classical form it should not be diagnostically problematic. However, in early childhood it is not often recognizable because there is no genital manipulation (Bradley 1985, Leung & Robson ...

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome [4], previously called hyaline membrane disease, is a respiratory disease affecting premature newborns. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome [4] involves shallow breathing, pauses between breaths that last a few seconds, or apnea, and a bluish tinge to the infant?s skin. The syndrome occurs when microscopic sacs called alveoli in infant lungs do not prod...

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome [4], previously called hyaline membrane disease, is a respiratory disease affecting premature newborns. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome [4] involves shallow breathing, pauses between breaths that last a few seconds, or apnea, and a bluish tinge to the infant?s skin. The syndrome occurs when microscopic sacs called alveoli in infant lungs do not prod...