With the advent of Web 2.0, the public is becoming increasingly interested in spatial data exploration. The potential for Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) to be adopted for passive disease surveillance and mediated through an enhanced relationship between researchers and non-scientists is of special interest to the authors. In particular, mobile devices and wireless communication permit...

Religious festivals attract a large number of pilgrims from worldwide and are a potential risk for the transmission of infectious diseases between pilgrims, and to the indigenous population. The gathering of a large number of pilgrims could compromise the health system of the host country. The threat to global health security posed by infectious diseases with epidemic potential shows the import...

O u r ability to detect and monitor infectious disease threats to health is in jeopardy. False perceptions that such threats had dwindled or disappeared led to complacency and decreased vigilance regarding infectious diseases, resulting in a weakening of surveillance--the foundation for control of infectious diseases (1). However, such infectious diseases as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (...

Models for infectious disease surveillance counts have to take into account the specific characteristics of this type of data. While showing a regular, often seasonal, pattern over long time periods, there are occasional irregularities or outbreaks. A model which is a compromise between mechanistic models and empirical models is proposed. A key idea is to distinguish between an endemic and an e...

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Africa has the highest burden of infectious diseases in the world and yet the least capacity for its risk management. It has therefore become increasingly important to search for 'fit-for- purpose' approaches to infectious disease surveillance and thereby targeted disease control. The fact that the majority of human infectious diseases are originally of animal origin means we have to conside...

BACKGROUND Risk assessment and early warning (RAEW) are essential components of any infectious disease surveillance system. In light of the International Health Regulations (IHR)(2005), this study compares the organisation of RAEW in China and the Netherlands. The respective approaches towards surveillance of arboviral disease and unexplained pneumonia were analysed to gain a better understandi...

Emerging infectious diseases continue to impose unpredictable burdens on global health and economy. Infectious disease surveillance and pandemic preparedness are essential to mitigate the impact of future threats. Global surveillance networks provide unprecedented monitoring data on plant, animal and human infectious diseases. Using such sources, we report on current major One Health threats an...

in this study, immunohistochemistry was used to clarify the early stages of viral kinetics and cycliccourse of ibdv, ir499, which has been described earlier as a very virulent strain (vvibdv). fifteen, 4-week-old spf chickens were inoculated with 10³ eid50 of vvibdv, ir499, via oculo/nasal route. five birdsserved as controls, and inoculated with phosphate buffered saline (pbs). the birds were t...