Sera obtained from 777 pigs were tested for the presence of Sendai virusimmunospecific antibodies by the agar gel immunodiffussion (AGID), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE), haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and serum neutralisation (SN) tests. As many as 598 sera contained Sendai virus antibodies as shown by the SN test, 552 sera were HI positive, 536 sera were CIE positive, and only 444 ones...

Hypoxia-ischemia- (HI-) induced oxidative stress plays a role in secondary pathocellular processes of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) due to HI from many kinds of mechanical trauma. Increasing evidence suggests that the histone deacetylase-6 (HDAC6) plays an important role in cell homeostasis in both physiological and abnormal, stressful, pathological conditions. This paper found that inhibition...

c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays a key role in the regulation of neuronal apoptosis. Previous studies have revealed that forkhead transcription factor (FOXO3a) is a critical effector of JNK-mediated tumor suppression. However, it is not clear whether the JNK/FOXO3a pathway is involved in neuronal apoptosis in the developing rat brain after hypoxia-ischemia (HI). In this study, we generated a...

The data from our 1968-69 influenza vaccine field trials are anlaysed and pre-challenge haemagglutinin and neuraminidase serum antibodies are evaluated as indices of protection. Prevention of flu-like disease, fever, confinement to bed, and/or seroconversion to Hong Kong was significantly related to post-vaccine A/Hong Kong/68(H3N2) haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titres. Prevention of diseas...

Various studies have been made on the antibody response in smallpox. In some of these haemagglutinin inhibition tests (HI) have been used for measurement of antibody (Collier & Schonfeld, 1950) in others, complement-fixation tests (CFT), precipitation tests (pt.) and HI tests (Herrlich, Mayr & Mahnel, 1959) or CF, HI and neutralization tests (Downie & McCarthy, 1958). In the present study, all ...

Single radial hemolysis (SRH), neutralization (NT), and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests were carried out on sera from horses immunized against the Prague and Miami strains of equine influenza virus. The HI and NT tests demonstrated good sensitivity; the sensitivity of the SRH test was somewhat lower. The NT titers of individual sera were correlated very closely with the HI titers, althou...

We have shown that bacterial contamination of sera can have a marked influence on the results of the rubella hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test. In addition to increasing the levels of nonspecific agglutinins, a number of common bacterial species tested had a significant effect on the HI titers. When sera free from rubella-specific antibodies were contaminated with Bacillus subtilis or Pseud...

Influenza viruses have been responsible for large losses of lives around the world and continue to present a great public health challenge. Antigenic characterization based on hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay is one of the routine procedures for influenza vaccine strain selection. However, HI assay is only a crude experiment reflecting the antigenic correlations among testing antigens (vi...

BACKGROUND Validation of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays is important for evaluating antibody responses to influenza virus, and selection of erythrocytes for use in these assays is important. This study aimed to determine the correlation between receptor binding specificity and effectiveness of the HI assay for detecting antibody response to pandemic influenza H1N1 (pH1N1) virus. METH...

The nucleoprotein (NP) gene of type B influenza virus was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a patient presenting with ataxia due to cerebellitis. The CSFwas obtained 7 and 9 weeks after flu syndrome occurred, suggesting persistence of viral genes in the central nervous system (CNS). Although an unusually high serum hemaggl...