This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of long term ageing on toughness and resilient modulus of asphalt concrete mixtures containing Electric Arc and Basic Oxygen Furnace steel slags. After initial evaluation of the properties of steel slags using X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electric Microscope, eleven sets of laboratory mixtures were prepared. Each set was treated replac...

Disordered filamentous networks with compliant crosslinks exhibit a low linear elastic shear modulus at small strains, but stiffen dramatically at high strains. Experiments have shown that the elastic modulus can increase by up to three orders of magnitude while the networks withstand relatively large stresses without rupturing. Here, we perform an analytical and numerical study on model networ...

The objective of this study was to establish a rock physics model of North Sea Paleogene greensand. The Hertz-Mindlin contact model is widely used to calculate elastic velocities of sandstone as well as to calculate the initial sand-pack modulus of the soft-sand, stiff-sand, and intermediate-stiff-sand models. When mixed minerals in rock are quite different, e.g., mixtures of quartz and glaucon...

As shown three decades ago, in situations where the initial stresses before buckling are not negligible compared to the elastic moduli, the geometrical dependence of the tangential moduli on the initial stresses must be taken into account in stability analysis, and the stability or bifurcation criteria have different forms for tangential moduli associated with different choices of the finite st...

Maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is regulated by the tumor microenvironment. Synthetic hydrogels provide the flexibility to design three-dimensional (3D) matrices to isolate and study individual factors in the tumor microenvironment. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of matrix modulus on tumorsphere formation by breast cancer cells and maintenance of CSCs in an ine...

Natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) are viscoelastic and exhibit stress relaxation. However, hydrogels used as synthetic ECMs for three-dimensional (3D) culture are typically elastic. Here, we report a materials approach to tune the rate of stress relaxation of hydrogels for 3D culture, independently of the hydrogel's initial elastic modulus, degradation, and cell-adhesion-ligand density. We ...

We carried out degradation analysis of a blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diode by both impedance spectroscopy and transient electroluminescence (EL) spectroscopy. The number of semicircles observed in the Cole-Cole plot of the modulus became three to two after the device was operated for 567 hours. Considering the effective layer thickness of the initial and degraded devices did not ...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the stress and strain inside of the oral mucosa in partially-edentulous patients. The patient-specific finite element models of the mucosa and the bone were constructed using the CT images and in-vivo surface measurement during a continuous load. The mean initial shear modulus of 8.3 × 10(-5) (GPa) and the mean relaxation time of 503 (s) were determined ...

We report an experimental and theoretical study of the radial elasticity of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanotubes. An atomic force microscope tip is used to apply small radial indentations to deform TMV nanotubes. The initial elastic response of TMV nanotubes can be described by finite-element analysis in 5nm indentation depths and Hertz theory in 1.5nm indentation depths. The derived radial You...

Many pathological processes in tissues are recognized by morphological changes that reflect alterations of the soft tissue mechanical properties. Ultrasound shear-wave imaging can provide quantitative information about soft tissue mechanical properties, specifically the complex shear modulus. Advancing this field has the potential to bridge molecular, cellular, and tissue biology and to influen...