The effect of genotype, sex and hatch on carcass traits and physical characteristics of eggs was investigated in the Japanese quail. Two strains of Japanese quails including the White (P1) and Wild (P2) genotypes were chosen as the parental generation and crossed reciprocally (10 singlepair mating) to create the F1 progeny. The F1 birds (27 males and 81 females) were mated randomly to produce t...

The length of the embryonic period varies both among and within species and can affect the individual phenotype in many ways, both physiologically and behaviorally. In chickens, the hatch window may last 24-48 hours (up to 10% of the incubation time), and studies have shown that incubation length may affect post-hatch growth and physiology. However, little is known about effects on behavior. We...

This study aimed to investigate whether pre- and early postnatal experiences of rearing hens contribute to the ability to cope with infectious challenges at an older age. In a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, 352 Lohmann Brown chicks were exposed to either suboptimal or optimized incubation plus hatch conditions, and to cage or enriched rearing from week 0 to 7 of age. After week 7 all rearing cond...

Extracts of post-diapause, pre-hatch eggs of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. were examined for prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH)-like activity using an in vitro assay involving last-instar prothoracic glands (PGs). The eggs were extracted in water, eluted from a low-pressure C18-silica cartridge in 60% acetonitrile, and fractionated on a high-performance, size-exclusion column. The primary ...

background: glutamine supplementation to the pre-starter diet of broiler chicks could improve their performance during the first week of post-hatch. objectives: this experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of glutamine levels in the pre-starter diet on intestinal mucosa morphology and performance of broiler chicks. method: a total of 160 ross 308, one-day old broilers were used in a ...

Long-term genetic selection for BW has generated high weight select (HWS) and low weight select (LWS) lines of chickens. These lines show an approximate 10-fold difference in BW at selection age (d 56). The objective of this study was to profile the expression of master regulators of early lineage specification (Pax3, Pax7) and myogenic regulatory factors (Myf5, MyoD1, MyoG, and Mrf4) on day of...

Associations between microsatellite markers and traits related to growth and fatness were investigated using resource broiler population. A sire-line x dam-line F1 male was backcrossed to 12 dam-line females to produce 24 sires and 47 dams of the backcross 1 (BC1) generation. These 71 parents were genotyped with 76 microsatellite markers. Following full-sib mating among the parents, 234 BC1-F2 ...

Egg hatch and emergence of second-stage juveniles (J2) of Heterodera glycines races 3 and 4 from cysts exposed to soybean root leachate of cv. Fayette (resistant to H. glycines) and H. glycines-susceptible cultivars A2575, A3127, and Williams 82 were determined in three sets of experiments. In the first experiment, cysts of both race 3 and race 4 were exposed to leachate of 8-week-old plants fo...

Movement of potato root diffusate (PRD) through soil was examined by using the hatch of eggs from Globodera rostochiensis cysts as an indicator. Porous bags containing cysts were placed at increasing distances and depths from potato roots, whose growth was restricted by nylon mesh. Significantly greater hatch was observed up to 50 cm laterally away from potato roots, compared with hatch in fall...