Flow visualization of two phase flow pattern of steam during condensation process in separate horizontal quartz micro-tubes with inner diameter ranging from 70-675 m was conducted. Two main kinds of flow patterns were observed: annular flow and slug flow, which both were nearly symmetrical. The annular flow also can be divided into two kinds: annular flow and annular-wave flow. The effects of t...

In this study, condensation heat transfer coefficients of R-410A were obtained in flattened stainless tubes made from 5.0 mm inner diameter round tubes. The test range covered saturation temperature 45 , heat flux 10 °C kW/m, mass flux 100~400 kg/ms and quality 0.2~0.8. Results showed the effect of aspect ratio on condensation heat transfer coefficient was dependent on the flow pattern. For ann...

To the Editor-Recent developments of thoracoscopic surgical instmments and techniques have increased the demand for selective lung ventilation in younger children. Because the use of pediatric doublelumen endotracheal tubes' is limited, this is conventionally accomplished by blocking the required bronchus with a Fogarty embolectomy catheter' or with a pulmonary artery catheter.' In most reporte...

We have developed a capillary chromatography system using an open capillary tube made of fused-silica, polyethylene, or poly(tetrafluoroethylene), and a water-hydrophilic-hydrophobic organic mixture carrier solution. This tube radial distribution chromatography (TRDC) system works under laminar-flow conditions. In this study, the following analytical conditions in the TRDC system using a fused-...

longitudinal heat conduction is an important parameter in the cryogenic field, especially in cryogenic heat exchangers. in the present work, the parasitic effect of tube wall longitudinal heat conduction on temperature measurement has been studied in cryogenic laminar hydrogen flow. the effects of various parameters such as wall cold end temperature, wall thermal conductivity, gas volumetric fl...

A fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon organic solvent mixture is known as a temperature-induced phase-separation solution. When a mixed solution of tetradecafluorohexane as a fluorocarbon organic solvent and hexane as a hydrocarbon organic solvent (e.g., 71:29 volume ratio) was delivered in a capillary tube that was controlled at 10°C, the tube radial distribution phenomenon (TRDP) of the solvents was...

Capillary chromatography for the separation of optical isomers was developed using an untreated poly(tetrafluoroethylene) capillary tube and a water-hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic solvent mixture as a carrier solution. The open tubular capillary was 110 cm in length (90 cm effective length) and 100 microm in inner diameter. The carrier solution was prepared with a water-acetonitrile-ethyl acet...

Background: During experimental cardiac arrest, continuous insufflation of air or oxygen (CIO) through microcannulas inserted into the inner wall of a modified intubation tube and generating a permanent positive intrathoracic pressure, combined with external cardiac massage, has previously been shown to be as effective as intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). Methods: After basic c...