Insulin signaling plays a key role in glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, and protein lipid synthesis. In insulin-resistant states like obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus, these processes are dysregulated. Regular physical exercise is potential therapeutic strategy against insulin resistance, as an acute bout of increases disposal during the activity for hours into recovery. Chronic activation pr...

Vasohibin-1 (Vash1), originally isolated as an endothelium-derived angiogenesis inhibitor, has a characteristic of promoting stress tolerance in endothelial cells (ECs). We therefore speculated that the lack of the vash1 gene would result in a short lifespan. However, to our surprise, vash1-/- mice lived significantly longer with a milder senescence phenotype than wild-type (WT) mice. We sought...

IRS-1 is phosphorylated on tyrosine residues after insulin stimulation and participates in the early events of signal transduction in peripheral insulin-sensitive tissues. This study determined whether neuronal populations in the rat olfactory bulb and hippocampus (brain regions which have very high concentrations of insulin receptors) also express IRS-1 and contain phosphotyrosine, using in si...

This report deals with a female patient with schizophrenia who was found to have a mutation in the insulin receptor substrate-4 gene that is located on chromosome Xq22.3. Since this mutation is expected to change amino acid coding from histidine to tyrosine and cause an altered insulin receptor substrate-4 protein, and the insulin receptor substrate-4 protein may be involved in neuronal growth ...