This paper presents a general implementation framework for reflective languages. It allows us to systematically build reflective languages which have the following favorable properties: (1) user programs are allowed to access and change (parts of) metalevel interpreters, (2) reflective facilities are available at every level, (hence there exists conceptually an infinite tower of interpreters), ...

BACKGROUND Although the Australian Translating and Interpreting Service offers the world's largest free telephone health interpreter service, it remains underused. This study explores barriers for nonmedical practice staff to accessing telephone interpreters. METHODS Data were collected through five focus groups of 4-8 people. Participants were receptionists and practice nurses from the Austr...

This paper presents a general implementation framework for re ective languages. It allows us to systematically build re ective languages which have the following favorable properties: (1) user programs are allowed to access and change (parts of) metalevel interpreters, (2) re ective facilities are available at every level, (hence there exists conceptually an in nite tower of interpreters), and ...

Objective. In Sweden, about 19% of residents have a foreign background. Previous studies reported immigrant patients experience communication difficulties despite the presence of interpreters during consultations. The objective of this study was to gain insights into the participants' perceptions and reflections of the triangular meeting by means of in-depth interviews with immigrant patients, ...

BACKGROUND Inuit interpreters are key players in end-of-life (EOL) care for Nunavik patients and families. This emotionally intensive work requires expertise in French, English and Inuit dialects to negotiate linguistic and cultural challenges. Cultural differences among medical institutions and Inuit communities can lead to value conflicts and moral dilemmas as interpreters navigate how best t...

A definitional interpreter should be clear and easy to write, but it may run 4–10 times slower than a well-crafted bytecode interpreter. In a case study focused on implementation choices, we explore ways of making definitional interpreters faster without expending much programming effort. We implement, in OCaml, interpreters based on three semantics for a simple subset of Lua. We compile the OC...

The influence of adult foreign-language acquisition on human brain organization is poorly understood. We studied cortical thickness and hippocampal volumes of conscript interpreters before and after three months of intense language studies. Results revealed increases in hippocampus volume and in cortical thickness of the left middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and superior temporal g...

Communication is the greatest barrier in health care provision for people of non-English speaking backgrounds. The New South Wales Health Standard Procedures stipulate that the Health Care Interpreter Service must be used in consultations with clients who cannot fully comprehend English. This study explored the attitudes, thoughts, and feelings of physiotherapists toward health care interpreter...

In this tutorial, we program big-step and small-step total interpreters for the While language extended with input and output primitives. While is a simple imperative language consisting of skip, assignment, sequence, conditional and loop. We first develop trace-based interpreters for While. Traces are potentially infinite nonempty sequences of states. The interpreters assign traces to While pr...

INTRODUCTION Arabic-speaking migrants have constituted a growing population in recent years. This entails major challenges to ensure good communication in the healthcare encounter in order to provide individual and holistic healthcare. One of the solutions to ensure good communication between patient and healthcare staff who do not share the same language is to use a professional interpreter. T...