Intraosseous vascular infusion (IO) is a recognized alternative to peripheral intravenous infusion when access is inadequate. The sternum and proximal tibia are the preferred sites. A review of 98 cases at autopsy revealed successful sternal IO placement in 78 cases (80%). Assuming a worst case scenario for placement (pin mark and no tip in bone [17 cases] and tip present and not in the sternum...

INTRODUCTION Our objective was to compare the effectiveness, speed, and complication rate of the traditional manually placed intraosseous (IO) catheter to a mechanical drill-assisted IO catheter by emergency medicine (EM) resident physicians in a training environment. METHODS Twenty-one EM residents participated in a randomized prospective crossover experiment placing 2 intraosseous needles (...

Background Intraosseous infusion (IOI) is recommended when intravenous access cannot be readily established in resuscitation. There has been debate as to whether which anatomic site should be preferred for IOI. Although success and flow rates in e.g. proximal tibia compared with proximal humerus are not significant different some stress that the tibia should be first choice for IOI because of e...

Results Overall response rate was 95% (n = 19). Of the responding Danish emergency departments 74% (n = 14) have intraosseous devices. Despite this 33% (n = 6) of the departments did not use intraosseous devices at all and in 68% (n = 13) it was used infrequently. In 47% (n = 9) of the departments there had never been any training sessions in the use of intraosseous devices, and 42% (n = 8) did...

PURPOSE To assess the proximal humerus intraosseous (PHIO) catheter placement as a preferred method for venous access over conventional methods, including peripheral intravenous (PIV) and central venous catheters (CVCs), during emergency room resuscitation. METHODS In phase 1, conventional methods for venous access (PIV and CVC) were assessed for all patients presenting to the emergency depar...