Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) is a member of the family Birnaviridae that has been linked to high mortalities in salmonids. Bacterial based systems as live vectors for the delivery of heterologous antigens offer a number of advantages as vaccination strategies. VP2 is a structural viral protein of IPNV with immunogenicity effects. In this study IPNV was isolated from diseased fry ...

This report describes a viral epidemiological study of wild fish around the Gulf of Cadiz (southwestern Iberian Peninsula) and is focused on infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), and viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV). One fish species (Chelon labrosus) was sampled inside the gulf, at the mouth of the San Pedro River. Another 29 were sampled, i...

Here we provide the correlation among different carotid ultrasound (US) variables to assess echogenicity n standard carotid US and to assess intraplaque neovascularization on contrast enhanced US. We recruited 45 consecutive subjects with an asymptomatic≥50% carotid artery stenosis. Carotid plaque echogenicity at standard US was visually graded according to Gray-Weale classification (GW) and me...

VP5, a 5'-terminal, small open reading frame in segment A of the aquatic birnavirus (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, IPNV) genome, encodes a 17-kDa nonstructural protein. We previously reported apoptosis induced by IPNV in a fish cell line. In the present study, we cloned and identified VP5 and tested its function. Comparisons of the amino acid sequence of VP5 with well-known Bcl-2 family...

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a birnavirus, is an important pathogen in fish farms. Analyses of viral proteins showed that VP2 is the major structural and immunogenic polypeptide of the virus. All neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against IPNV are specific to VP2 and bind to continuous or discontinuous epitopes. In order to determine which parts of the protein are involve...

Virions of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) were completely disintegrated upon dialysis against salt-free buffers. Direct visualization of such preparations by electron microscopy revealed 5.0- to 6.5-nm-thick entangled filaments. By using a specific colloidal gold immunolabeling technique, these structures were shown to contain the viral protein VP3. Isolation by sucrose gradient ce...

During routine sampling and testing, as part of a systematic surveillance program (the Tasmanian Salmonid Health Surveillance Program), an aquatic birnavirus was isolated from 'pin-head' (fish exhibiting deficient acclimatisation on transfer to saltwater) Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, approximately 18 mo old, farmed in net-pens located in Macquarie Harbour on the west coast of Tasmania, Australi...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) antibodies in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykjss was assessed. There was close agreement between the results of the ELISA and a neutralisation test for detecting lPNV antibody when fish sera were tested by both methods. The differences between the ELISA and virus neutralisation are most ...

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is the cause of one of the most prevalent diseases in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). A quantitative trait locus (QTL) has been found to be responsible for most of the genetic variation in resistance to the virus. Here we describe how a linkage disequilibrium-based test for deducing the QTL allele was developed, and how it was used to produce IP...

The in vivo antiviral effect of 5-ethynyl-1-b-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-carboxamide (EICAR) was evaluated in coho salmon and rainbow trout fry, experimentally infected with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). Treatment consisted of a daily bath of 2 h in 0.4 mg ml or 0.8 mg ml of EICAR, for approximately 20 days. The behavior of the fish was studied for 45 days post-infection. The survi...