This article focuses on the interaction between intellectual property rights (IPRs) regimes and committee-based standards development organisations (SDOs) in terms of the commodification of knowledge. IPRs and SDOs are institutions that are designed to codify technical knowledge with quite different purposes though. The resulting documents describe a private right (patent) or a public good (a s...

This paper examines the role of high-technology trade, IPRs and FDI in determining a country’s rate of innovation and economic growth. The empirical analysis is conducted using a unique panel data set of 47 developed and developing countries from 1970 to 1990. The results suggest that: (1) high-technology imports are relevant in explaining domestic innovation both in developed and developing co...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate parental perceptions associated with tracheostomy morbidity and quality of life in the management of Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review/survey. METHODS 42 Pierre Robin patients were identified, records were reviewed and airway assessments evaluated relative to airway compromise. Twenty patients had undergone tracheostomy. Perceptions of quality...

Stronger intellectual property rights (IPRs) induce specialization and contribute to economic growth. In the United States, a sweeping pro-patent legal reform in 1982 fostered specialization and enhanced firm performance. Around the world, countries experience faster economic growth when their innovating sectors are characterized by a higher level of specialization. An endogenous growth model w...

Abstract Intellectual property rights (IPRs) have become increasingly important for firms in today’s knowledge-based economy, as evidenced by the strong growth their use. The vital role of IPRs has motivated research into association with firm performance. However, few firm-level studies been conducted developing countries. Moreover, empirical on use IPR bundles and economic performance are sca...

Entrepreneurship is an important determinant of innovation and growth with uneven spatial distribution. In addition, the mechanism entrepreneurship affected by administrative hierarchies. However, driving forces behind differences are not clear. Therefore, this study aims to examine key determinants clarifying roles localisation economies intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection from 2008...

This book seeks to provide a deep analysis of both the advantages and disadvantages adopting IPRs safeguard ICH.

The end of the twentieth century was marked by a sea change in global governance in the realm of intellectual property rights (IPRs). Whereas countries historically retained substantial autonomy with regard to what they defined as intellectual ‘‘property’’ and the rights granted to the owners of intellectual property, the 1990s witnessed the establishment of new global obligations regarding nat...