Mechanoreceptors of foot sole likely contribute in the reflex regulations. Stimulation of these receptors in the lateral aspect of the foot is corresponded to the lateral plantar division of the tibial nerve. Therefore, it was hypothesized that repetitive low threshold afferents stimulation would have an inhibitory effect on the soleus H-reflexes. Methods: Sixteen normal subjects voluntarily...

Task-specific neural coupling during cooperative hand movements has been described in healthy volunteers, manifested by bilateral reflex electromyographic responses in forearm muscles following unilateral ulnar nerve stimulation and by task-specific activation of secondary somatosensory cortical areas (S2) in functional MRI. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of sensory input to ...

PURPOSE The retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA/HRP) was used to study the localization of the neurons that innervate the superior tarsal muscle in the cynomolgus monkey. METHODS A 5-10% WGA-HRP solution was applied to the medial part of the superior tarsal muscle. Seventy-two hours later, the animals were killed and perfused with fixative. RESULTS The ...

Contralateral pyramidal tract (PT) neurons arising in the primary motor cortex are the major route through which volitional limb movements are controlled. However, the contralateral hemiparesis that follows PT neuron injury on one side may be counteracted by ipsilateral of actions of PT neurons from the undamaged side. To investigate the spinal relays through which PT neurons may influence ipsi...

We present the case of a 45-year-old male patient with sudden painless visual loss in left eye (OS), diagnosed as nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Three months later, new superior scotoma, accompanied by an inferior disc edema, characterized recurrent episode NAION OS. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring disclosed arterial hypertension, no drop during sleep. Optical Coh...

Several human neuroimaging studies have reported activity in the precentral gyrus (PcG) ipsilateral to the side of hand movements. This activity has been interpreted as the part of the primary motor cortex (M1) that controls bilateral or ipsilateral hand movements. To better understand hand ipsilateral-PcG activity, we performed a functional MRI experiment in eight healthy right-handed adults. ...

The role of ipsilateral motor areas for movement control is not yet fully understood. The relevance of these areas to the recovery of motor function following a brain lesion is a matter of dispute. It has recently been stated that increased ipsilateral activation following brain damage is maladaptive and hindering the process of recovery. Others have presented evidence that ipsilateral motor ar...