The feathers of Amazon parrots are brightly coloured. They contain a unique class of pigments, the psittacofulvins, deposited in both barbs and barbules, causing yellow or red coloured feathers. In specific feather areas, spongy nanostructured barb cells exist, reflecting either in the blue or blue-green wavelength range. The blue-green spongy structures are partly enveloped by a blue-absorbing...

the sofeh mountain in the south of isfahan (iran) has a development of shafts (vertical cave). simorgh cave with a depth of 42 m and a length of 52 m has developed along significant fault structures. structural analysis indicates relationships of orientation between the faults and fractures and shafts and chambers geometries. considering the main ne-sw trend of tectonic structures in the area, ...

this study was aimed to investigate some feeding characteristics of kura barb (barbus lacerta) from bibi-sayydan river of semirom, isfahan. for this purpose, during august 2010 to july 2011, some 445 specimens of the kura barb fish were caught using a seine net and a cast net and transferred to the fisheries laboratory on ice for further examinations. the results showed that the condition facto...

Avian feathers are a complex evolutionary novelty characterized by structural diversity and hierarchical development. Here, I propose a functionally neutral model of the origin and evolutionary diversification of bird feathers based on the hierarchical details of feather development. I propose that feathers originated with the evolution of the first feather follicle-a cylindrical epidermal inva...

Tinfoil barb is one of the fish caught in Tasik river. The purpose this study was to determine morphology and weight-length relationship tinfoil barb. This research conducted July-August 2020 river using a net with mesh size 1.25 inches. number 96 total weight (TW) 2-47 g length (TL) 60-125 mm. Meristic characteristics consecutively are as follows: 31-33 Linnea Literalis (LL), 24-26 Body Circul...

Gammarus minus, a freshwater amphipod living in the cave and surface streams in the eastern USA, is an excellent model for investigating evolutionary adaptation to the subterranean environment. RNA-Seq was conducted on one pair of morphologically distinct sister populations inhabiting surface and cave habitats to identify genes that were differentially expressed in the two populations, as well ...

Improvement of growth and hematological profile juvenile silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) through dietary probiotic (Bacillus sp.) supplementation