This study aims to identify mandalas or (Sanskrit) are a group of symbols used by Hindus and Buddhists express the image metaphysical universe, word “mandala” in Sanskrit means circle disk, it is now common that has become general term for any A chart, table geometric pattern presents universe 'metaphysics' 'symbols'. The was reached with seed revolves around nucleus its large enormous shape, a...

This manuscript critically discusses the current implications of scriptural injunctions against gharar and maysir. It elaborates how overlooking features contemporary world adopting a formalistic approach in Islamic jurisprudence have led to absurdity implication doctrines maysir for Muslims’ financial activities. The also underscores necessity maqāsid (purposivism) jurisprudence. propounds tha...

the correspondence of juridical authorities in e-commerce   hossein jalaei nobarry [1]     abstract islamic religion has sufficiently attended along theological issues, discoursal arguments and expressions of values and ethics to obligatory and statutory provisions. as one of the proposed topics in jurisprudence relates to authorities in transactions, being conducted electonically all over the ...