Graphene oxides (GOs) with large sheets and more perfect aromatic structure were prepared by a novel modified Hummers method. We demonstrated that the graphite did not need to be oxidized to such a deep degree as described in Hummers method because the space distance increased little when the oxidation proceeded to a certain extent and the obtained graphite oxides (GTOs) could be fully exfoliat...

We report a new electrochemical supporting-electrolyte-free method for synthesizing ureas, carbamates, and thiocarbamates via the oxidation of oxamic acids. This simple, practical, phosgene-free route includes generation an isocyanate intermediate in situ anodic decarboxylation acid presence organic base, followed by one-pot addition suitable nucleophiles to afford corresponding thiocarbamates....

Fluorescent nano-graphite oxides (NGO) with different size distribution were prepared via a one-pot hydrothermal route using ultrasmall graphite powder as starting material and subsequently separated using dialysis tubes with different molecular weight cutoff. The biomedical applications of these NGO for cell imaging were further investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated tha...

We report free-standing atomic crystals that are strictly 2D and can be viewed as individual atomic planes pulled out of bulk crystals or as unrolled single-wall nanotubes. By using micromechanical cleavage, we have prepared and studied a variety of 2D crystals including single layers of boron nitride, graphite, several dichalcogenides, and complex oxides. These atomically thin sheets (essentia...

The present paper deals with the design of experimental work matrices for two groups of experiments by using Response surface methodology (RSM). The first EDM group was dealt with the use of kerosene dielectric alone, while the second was treated by adding the graphite micro powders mixing to dielectric fluid (PMEDM). The total heat flux generated and fatigue lives after EDM and PMEDM models we...

OBJECTIVE Isocyanates (di- and poly-), important chemicals used worldwide to produce polyurethane products, are a leading cause of occupational asthma. Respiratory exposures have been reduced through improved hygiene controls and the use of less-volatile isocyanates. Yet isocyanate asthma continues to occur, not uncommonly in settings with minimal inhalation exposure but opportunity for skin ex...

AIM To identify those agents reported as being associated with reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS). METHODS A systematic review was undertaken. Abstracts were screened and those selected reviewed against pre-determined diagnostic criteria for RADS. RESULTS Significant information gaps were identified for all measures of interest. In some articles, even the causative agent was not r...