Motivated by the demonstration of similarly localized adaptation of the hemodynamic response in a first (L1) and second (L2) language, this study examined event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to spoken words in L1 and L2 in 15 English-French bilinguals. We examined whether the temporal pattern of N400 adaptation due to within-language repetitions (i.e., repetition priming) was similar in L1 an...

The relationship between lexical activation in L1 and L2 was investigated using a backward forward translation task. Bilingual Arabic-English speakers first translated from to L2, then L1. Two groups of participants were established (high low proficient bilinguals). task included words that being both L2. goal the study see how strong relation is. findings revealed bilingual memory relations ar...

The present study aimed to examine and compare the impact of teaching economic terms through etymological elaboration with three more conventional methods of vocabulary instruction in ESP courses in Iran, that is, teaching through contextual definitions, L1 translation, and implicit instruction on the learners' general comprehension of economic texts and their understanding of author's opinion....

The present study examines non-native (L2) and native (L1) listeners' access to figurative idiomatic meaning and literal constituent meaning in two cross-modal priming experiments. Proficient German learners of English (L2) and native speakers of American English (L1) responded to English target words preceded by English idioms embedded in non-biasing prime sentences in a lexical decision task....

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the speed backward and forward translation among Arabic-English bilinguals. Using a task, link between lexical activation in L1 L2 explored. From total 50 bilingual participants who completed two groups were constructed. They tasked with translating list words from Arabic English vice versa. completion duration task measured assessed. assignmen...

In this paper, we evaluate for the first time the use of Machine Translation technology to repair general errors in second language (L2) authoring. Contrary to previously evaluated approaches which rely exclusively on unilingual models of L2, this method takes into account both languages, and is thus able to model linguistic interference phenomena where the author produces an erroneous word for...

Previous research with unbalanced, different-script bilinguals has typically produced null L2-L1 noncognate masked translation priming effects in lexical decision tasks (LDT). Two novel models of the bilingual mental lexicon have emerged to account for these null results: the episodic L2 hypothesis and the Sense model. In contrast, the BIA+ model predicts significant priming whenever bilinguals...

The present study investigated cross-language influences in the processing of binomial expressions ( knife and fork ), from a first language (L1) to second (L2) L2 L1. Two groups unbalanced bilinguals (Chinese/L1-English/L2 English/L1-Chinese/L2) control group English monolinguals performed visual lexical decision task that incorporated unmasked priming. To assess influences, we used three type...