Post-focus compression (PFC) of F0 and intensity is found in Beijing Mandarin and has been claimed not to easily transfer in language contact. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the presence of PFC in second language (L2) Mandarin as a function of learners’ language experience. Five groups of L2 Mandarin learners were investigated: older, midage and younger Quanzhou Southern Min lear...

We characterize the lengthscale-dependent rheological properties of mucus from the ubiquitous Chaetopterus marine worm. We use optically trapped probes (2-10 μm) to induce microscopic strains and measure the stress response as a function of oscillation amplitude. Our results show that viscoelastic properties are highly dependent on strain scale (l), indicating three distinct lengthscale-depende...

A chromophore in which zinc porphyrin donors are linked through their meso positions by ethynyl bridges to a bis(indolinylidenemethyl) squaraine core has been synthesized using Sonogashira coupling. The chromophore exhibits a two-photon absorption spectrum characterized by a peak cross section of 11,000 GM and, more unusually, also exhibits a large cross section of >780 GM over a photon-wavelen...

cu-mo and cu-ti contact structures were fabricated on multi-crystalline silicon substrates to provide a low resistance ohmic contact. deposition steps are done in an excellent vacuum chamber by means of electron beam evaporation and samples are then annealed for the realization of an efficient alloy layer. the effects of process parameters such as film thickness, annealing duration and temperat...

The present study focuses on recognition and production of the English genitive cases with similar structure in Guilaki (i.e., possessive determiners relations) or Persian non-possessive at initial state EFL acquisition. In this regard, researcher selected most proficient speakers-beginner learners who were comparably aware structures under to establish L3 L2 groups. Both groups equally compris...

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exert broad immunosuppressive potential, modulating the activity of cells of innate and adaptive immune systems. As MSCs become accepted as a therapeutic option for the treatment of immunological disorders such as Graft versus Host Disease, our need to understand the intricate details by which they exert their effects is crucial. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is an ...

Abstract Previous research on the benefits of study abroad (SA) has mainly focused oral communication skills and L2 English, while written other foreign languages have received far less attention. This addresses this gap by investigating writing development in German. It also aims to further discussion about methods assess combining different types data. The gains 30 Belgian students German wer...

The current mixed-method study investigated two groups of Korean-speaking short-term sojourners in Australia. One group (students) was composed learners enrolled English training programs, whereas the other (workers) workplace. We administered questionnaires and a semi-structured interview to examine their willingness communicate (WTC) as second language (L2) explored relationship between this ...