ALG-2 is a penta-EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding protein and interacts with a variety of intracellular proteins. Two types of ALG-2-binding motifs have been determined: type 1, PXYPXnYP (X, variable; n = 4), in ALIX and PLSCR3; type 2, PXPGF, in Sec31A and PLSCR3. The previously solved X-ray crystal structure of the complex between ALG-2 and an ALIX peptide containing type 1 motif showed that the peptid...

Abstract Background We found previously (Pu et al. Clin Infect Dis, 2021: PubMed 32511677) that only 0.2% of ICD10 codes for coccidioidomycosis (CM) in our health care system were associated with patients (pts) managed at an urgent (UC) visit. Since 2020, during onboarding, quarterly meetings, and periodic emails, UC clinicians encouraged to test CM pneumonia (PNA). Methods For 2018 through 202...

BACKGROUND 21-deoxycortisol (21-DF) is the key intermediate to manufacture pharmaceutical glucocorticoids. Recently, a Japan patent has realized 21-DF production via biotransformation of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) by purified steroid 11β-hydroxylase CYP11B1. Due to the less costs on enzyme isolation, purification and stabilization as well as cofactors supply, whole-cell should be preferent...

In connection with the transition to a market economy, industrial industry inherited from Soviet economy was almost completely dismantled. 1990-1994, compared era, production of products decreased fivefold and number jobs fourfold (National Statistical Service Georgia, 1995). Industrial became uncompetitive in both domestic foreign markets. The machines, devices, tools, electric vehicles, light...

3-Deoxy-o-arabino-heptulosonic acid 7-phosphate (DAHP) has been synthesized from N-acetyl-n/l-aspartate p-semialdehyde and dihydroxyacetone phosphate in four steps with an overall yield of 13%. The key step generates the required threo stereochemistry by using rabbit muscle aldolase (E.C.4.1.2.13) as catalysl. 3-Deoxy-o-arabino-heptulosonic a id 7-phosphate (DAHP, l) is an important intermediat...

he empirical studies have shown that cost advantages can occur due to economies of scale and economies of learning. However, a few studies have attempted to distinguish between these two effects on reducing costs. This paper is the first attempt on recognizing the impact of learning on reducing the cost with distinguishing the effect of economies of scale in Iran. Therefore, this study aims to ...