By applying the pulsed polarization technique, a thimble-type lambda probe can be used as a NOx sensor in the low ppm range. Due to the robustness of the sensor in harsh exhaust gas environments, this approach has many opportunities for application. The temperature operating range for best NO sensing properties is a crucial parameter. The sensor temperature changes with the ambient gas temperat...

An adaptive optics imaging system is introduced in this paper. A high resolution liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) device was used as a phase only wave front corrector instead of a conversional deformable mirror. The wave front aberration was detected by a Shack-Hartmann (SH) wave front sensor, which has lambda/100 rms wave front measurement accuracy. Under this construction 0.09lambda (lambda=0...

In this paper, a method is proposed to recover displacements with nanometric precision based on spectral analysis of the feedback phase self-mixing laser interferometric signal. This an enhancement previously developed called Time-domain Frequency-domain Signal Processing (TFSP) which could only target vibration(s) greater than lambda/8 amplitude (where lambda laser’s wavelength) so long as at ...

we denote by $ls[n](t,k,v)$ a large set of $t$-$(v,k,lambda)$ designs of size $n$, which is a partition of all  $k$-subsets ofa $v$-set into $n$ disjoint  $t$-$(v,k,lambda)$ designs and$n={v-t choose k-t}/lambda$.   we use the notation$n(t,v,k,lambda)$ as the maximum possible number of mutuallydisjoint cyclic $t$-$(v,k,lambda)$designs. in this paper we givesome new bounds for $n(2,29,4,3)$ and ...

Cospectrality of two graphs measures the differences between the ordered spectrum of these graphs in various ways. Actually, the origin of this concept came back to Richard Brualdi's problems that are proposed in cite{braldi}: Let $G_n$ and $G'_n$ be two nonisomorphic simple graphs on $n$ vertices with spectra$$lambda_1 geq lambda_2 geq cdots geq lambda_n ;;;text{and};;; lambda'_1 geq lambda'_2...

in this paper, we introduce new classes $sum_{k,p,n}(alpha ,m,lambda ,l,rho )$ and $mathcal{t}_{k,p,n}(alpha ,m,lambda ,l,rho )$ of p-valent meromorphic functions defined by using the extended multiplier transformation operator. we use a strong convolution technique and derive inclusion results. a radius problem and some other interesting properties of these classes are discussed.

In this paper, we study the decomposition of semirings with a semilattice additive reduct. For, we introduce the notion of principal left $k$-radicals $Lambda(a)={x in S | a stackrel{l}{longrightarrow^{infty}} x}$ induced by the transitive closure $stackrel{l}{longrightarrow^{infty}}$ of the relation $stackrel{l}{longrightarrow}$ which induce the equivalence relation $lambda$. Again non-transit...

for any lacunary sequence $theta = (k_{r})$, we define the concepts of $s_{theta}-$limit point and $s_{theta}-$cluster point of a sequence of fuzzy numbers $x = (x_{k})$. we introduce the new sets  $lambda^{f}_{s_{theta}}(x)$, $gamma^{f}_{s_{theta}}(x)$ and prove some inclusion relaions between these and the sets $lambda^{f}_{s}(x)$, $gamma^{f}_{s}(x)$ introduced in ~cite{ayt:slpsfn} by aytar [...