Heterodyne-detected (phase-sensitive) vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy was used to investigate molecular structures of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) monolayers on water (Langmuir monolayer) and monolayers on a fused silica substrate (Langmuir-Blodgett [LB] monolayer). The spectral features in the CH stretching region depended on the phase of the Langmuir mo...

We present the results of the first reduced model simulations of the nonlinear development of the two-plasmon decay instability in an inhomogeneous plasma, including properties of the 3/2 harmonic emission. A sharp increase in radiation and Langmuir turbulence fluctuation levels occurs above a threshold laser intensity that depends on initial fluctuation levels. We study the competition between...

this study was carried out to obtain quantitative relationships between zn in equilibrium solution and that retained by 20 calcareous soils. soils were brought into equilibrium with varying solution concentrations of zn, and the amounts removed from solution were used to check the fit to six adsorption isotherms, namely, freundlich, langmuir, temkin, gunary, two surface langmuir and adjusted fr...

We demonstrate that nonlinear decay of obliquely propagating Langmuir waves into Langmuir and Alfvén waves (L --> L' + A) is possible in a one-dimensional, highly relativistic, streaming pair plasma. Such a plasma may be in the magnetospheres of pulsars. It is shown that the characteristic frequency of generated Alfvén waves is much less than the frequency of Langmuir waves and may be consisten...

In the second half of the 20th century, scientists have been attracted to the design of thin solid films at the molecular level because of their potential for applications in the fields of biology and medicine. Two techniques dominated research in this area: Langmuir–Blodgett deposition and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Both Langmuir–Blodgett deposition, invented by Langmuir and Blodgett, a...

The applicability of azopolymers in optical storage can be extended through the use of nanostructured films produced with the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique, but the film properties need to be optimized since these polymers generally do not form stable Langmuir films to be transferred onto solid substrates. Here, photoinduced birefringence was investigated for mixed Langmuir-Blodgett films fr...