This paper reports on experiments with parallel compila tion of programming languages In order to take advantage of the potential parallelism we express the language trans lation process as an attribute grammar evaluation problem We see three primary bene ts to using attribute grammars First since attribute grammars provide a functional speci cation of the language translation process they are ...

We present the language PC+ for probabilistic reasoning about actions, which is a generaliza­ tion of the action language C + that allows to deal with probabilistic as well as nondeterministic ef­ fects of actions. We define a formal semantics of PC+ in terms of probabilistic transitions be­ tween sets of states. Using a concept of a history and its belief state, we then show how several im­ po...

An extension of Milner's CCS is presented. The language takes into account a number of resources/processors which have processes at disposal. It enables to consider various distributions and nesting of (sub)processes. Both an operational semantics in Plotkin style and bisimulation semantics for the language are deened. An axiomatiza-tion for nite processes is given, that may be the basis for an...

In this paper, I present Underspecified Minimal Recursion Semantics (UMRS), a representation language that represents structural ambiguities in terms of underspecifica-tion. It is argued that this kind of approach allows for transparent semantic representations and a straightforward syntax-semantics interface. UMRS is a semantic metalanguage, whose expressions describe expressions of an object ...

A new language incorporating both ML-style type checking and a limited form of reeec-tion is deened by giving an interpreter and showing how this interpreter may be interpreted as a compositional denotational semantics. The resulting language has a partial function as a compiler, but if the compiler terminates without a type error there will be no type-errors at runtime. Typing issues and rst-c...

This study sought to investigate the effect of cooperative learning on EFL learners’ creativity and motiva- tion. Accordingly, 66 pre-intermediate female learners were selected among 90 through their performance on a piloted sample Preliminary English Test. Learners were assigned into two control and experimental group. The Abedi-Schumaker Creativity Test (ACT) and the Attitude/Motivation Test ...

This paper proposes a methodology for the customisa-tion of natural language interfaces to information retrieval a pplications. We report a eld study in which we tested this methodology by customising a commercially available natural language system to a large database of sales and marketing information. We note that it was diicult to tailor the common sense reasoning capabilities of the partic...

Generi programming allows you to write a fun tion on e, and use it many times at di erent types. A lot of good foundational work on generi programming has been done. The goal of this paper is to propose a pra ti al way of supporting generi programming within the Haskell language, without radi ally hanging the language or its type system. The key idea is to present generi programming as a ri her...

In previous work we have developed and prototyped a silion ompiler whi h translates a fun tional language (SAFL) into hardware. The te hniques we use require the restri tion (stati allo atability) that all re ursive alls are in a tail ontext. Here we extend this work, translating a fun tional language with general re ursion by mapping some fun tions dire tly to hardware and others to instru tio...

This summer I helped to bring together a group to dis cuss something that we called Multilingual Informa tion Discovery and Access We shared a belief that the topic was in some sense larger than the prob lem of cross language information retrieval that has mo tivated the work of many of those who participated and towards that end we sought to include researchers from a broad range of related di...