Extensible languages allow incremental extensions of a host language with domain specific abstractions. Debuggers for such languages must be extensible as well to support debugging of different language extensions at their corresponding abstraction level. As such languages evolve over time, it is essential to constantly verify their debugging behavior. For this purpose, a General Purpose Langua...

Abstract We propose a novel algorithm to decide the language inclusion between (nondeterministic) Büchi automata, PSpace -complete problem. Our approach, like others before, leverage notion of quasiorder prune search for counterexample by discarding candidates which are subsumed quasiorder. Discarded guaranteed not compromise completeness algorithm. The novelty our work lies in used discard can...

This study constitutes an attempt to see what Language assessment literacy (LAL) isfor three groups of stakeholders, namely LAL test developers, LAL instructors, andLAL test-takers. The perceptions of the former group were derived from the contentanalysis of the latest version of the LAL test, and those of the latter 2 groups wereassessed through a survey designed by the researcher. Participant...

This article describes what a Web-based language test (WBT) is, how WBTs differ from traditional computer-based tests, and what uses WBTs have in language testing. After a brief review of computer-based testing, WBTs are defined and categorized as low-tech or high tech. Since low-tech tests are the more feasible, they will constitute the focus of this paper. Next, item types for low-tech WBTs a...

This monograph summarizes recent research on language testing washback. It begins by compiling several definitions of washback and related constructs. It then poses a model of language testing washback and examines the available research related to this model. The monograph concludes with recommendations for appropriate research methods to be used in future investigations of washback.

Critical Language Assessment (CLA) argues that language testing is a form of social practice and an agent of cultural, social, educational as well as ideological agendas. As such this article scrutinized the power that different groups of people including, teachers, students and their parents own at the levels of developing, administrating and interpreting Iranian University Entrance Examinatio...

 Problems of theory and practice of the Russian as a foreign language testing for entrants in technical universities are considered. The benefits of test forms for controlling the foreign students’ skills in the Russian language during a hard time limit are presented. The structure and content of the tests, all types of tasks offered on the entrance and final examinations in the Russian languag...

the occurrence of miscues in the speaking of language learning students is anundeniable matter which can be a result of stress, lack of concentration,psychological factors, and inefficiency in the testing of the students’ learning.the manner of dealing with this issue and the effort to resolve it is crucial indifferent language teaching methods. a survey of the history of germanlanguage teachin...

the present study investigated the effect of single and multiple genre movies on listening comprehension of upper intermediate language learners. to this end, a language proficiency test was administered to 40 male and female postgraduates of different majors attending international english language testing system (ielts) classes and ultimately 25 upper intermediate language learners were selec...