Introduction: Many laser experiments have been done to simulate hypervelocity impact vaporization [e.g., 15]. Laser simulation has a number of advantages. It can create high-temperature plumes with high repeatability and a high repetition cycle at a relatively low cost. Furthermore, because laser light can penetrate through a glass window (if chosen properly), the target material and vaporizati...

5. Knoll LD, Segura JW, Benson Jr RC, Goellner JR. Bowenoid papulosis of the penis: successful management with neodymium:YAG laser. J Urol. 1988;139:1307--9. 6. Colombel M, Pedron P, Missirlu A, Abbou C, Chopin D. Vesicovaginal fistula after laser vaporization of vaginal condyloma. J Urol. 1995;154:1860. 7. Tschanz C, Salomon D, Skaria A, Masouye I, Vecchietti GL, Harms M. Vulvodynia after CO2 ...

Laser vaporization of an icosahedral AI-Pd-Mn sample with detection by time-of-flight mass spectrometry is used to probe metal clusters made from the alloy. After sample vaporization, clusters form by gas aggregation and may contain several to hundreds of atoms. Multi-photon ionization/fragmentation of these clusters yields mass spectra showing many cluster sizes with enhanced intensity. Cluste...

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the dominant factor in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). However, Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) has attracted more attention in the treatment of BPH. Therefore, this article summarized the therapeutic effect of 80 W to 180 W green laser vaporization in the treatment of BPH. The results showed that the PVP ca...

We have used the carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser and the gallium aluminium arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser with flexible fiber delivery instruments for vaporization of the inferior nasal turbinate in pediatric patients since 1993. Under endoscopic control, the whole inferior turbinate was vaporized by 5-10 W laser output delivered via an optical fiber. Generally, the nasal mucosa changes into normal...

Amphiphilic lipids and hydrophobic proteins are vaporized at atmospheric pressure using nonresonant 70 femtosecond (fs) laser pulses followed by electrospray post-ionization prior to being transferred into a time-of-flight mass spectrometer for mass analysis. Measurements of molecules on metal and transparent dielectric surfaces indicate that vaporization occurs through a nonthermal mechanism. ...

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the dominant factor in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). However, Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) has attracted more attention in the treatment of BPH. Therefore, this article summarized the therapeutic effect of 80 W to 180 W green laser vaporization in the treatment of BPH. The results showed that the PVP ca...

Surface micro-structuring of silica glass plates was performed by using laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) upon irradiation with a single-mode laser beam from a diode-pumped solidstate UV laser at 266 nm. We have succeeded in a well-defined micro-pattern formation without debris and microcrack formations around the etched area on the basis of galvanometer-based point scanning system wit...

Femtosecond laser vaporization-based mass spectrometry can be used to measure protein conformation in vitro at atmospheric pressure. Cytochrome c and lysozyme are vaporized from the condensed phase into the gas phase intact when exposed to an intense (10(13) W/cm(2)), nonresonant (800 nm), ultrafast (75 fs) laser pulse. Electrospray postionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry reveals that t...

Vaporization modeling and experimental verification of the alloying elements that occurred during laser beam welding (LBW) high-manganese steel were conducted. LBW using a disk bead-on-plate testing was performed. Through calculations at temperatures higher than 2800 K, vapor pressure Mn found to be significantly larger other elements. Furthermore, vaporization flux least 10 times The compositi...