Background and objectives The primary objective of drilling at Site U1344 (Site GAT-3C) was to study highresolution Pliocene-Pleistocene paleoceanography at a proximal gateway location to the Arctic Ocean at the deepest water depth of Expedition 323. The site is located at ~3200 m along the small summit of a canyon interfluve ~10-15 km southeast of Pervenets Canyon, a large submarine canyon tha...

We extend and interpret acoustic Doppler current profiler and conductivity-temperature-depth data collected in the summer of 1993 over Barrow Canyon in order to implement a high resolution (1.5 to 5 km) model of the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas. This paper addresses physical processes relevant to the Barrow Canyon region using common dynamical analyses of both field data and numerical results. The...

Although the global flux of sediment and carbon from land to the coastal ocean is well known, the volume of material that reaches the deep ocean-the ultimate sink-and the mechanisms by which it is transferred are poorly documented. Using a globally unique data set of repeat seafloor measurements and samples, we show that the moment magnitude (Mw) 7.8 November 2016 Kaikōura earthquake (New Zeala...

Horseshoe waterfalls are ubiquitous in natural streams, bedrock canyons, and engineering structures. Nevertheless, water flow patterns upstream of horseshoe waterfalls are poorly known and likely differ from the better studied case of a one-dimensional linear step because of flow focusing into the horseshoe. This is a significant knowledge gap because the hydraulics at waterfalls controls sedim...

This study utilizes more than a year of observations made in shallow waters ( 30 m) at the head of the Monterey Submarine Canyon to assess variability in the physical environment and internal bore field. The interaction of the internal tide with the canyon rim results in a semidiurnal tidal period pumping of cold–water masses (subthermocline waters) onto the adjacent shelf (i.e., internal bores...

The temporal variability in currents, temperature, and particulate matter concentration were measured in the Mississippi Canyon axis where the thalweg was 300m deep from May–July and August–November 1998 using current meters, thermographs, a light-scattering sensor, and sediment traps. Canyon sediments were sampled by coring and observed using an ROV video camera. Currents in the upper Mississi...

Mean and turbulent flow characteristics together with particle concentrations were measured in a busy urban street canyon in Essen, Germany, at five (flow characteristics) and three heights (particles) above ground, respectively. Particle mass and number concentrations were sampled in the size range 0.3oDpo10 mm. The flow characteristics within the canyon were significantly influenced by canyon...

Urbanization, the expansion of built-up areas, is an important yet less-studied aspect of land use/land cover change in climate science. To date, most global climate models used to evaluate effects of land use/land cover change on climate do not include an urban parameterization. Here, the authors describe the formulation and evaluation of a parameterization of urban areas that is incorporated ...

Urban ventilation plays an important role in regulating city climate and air quality. A numerical study was conducted to explore the ventilation effectiveness on the microclimate and pollutant removal in the urban street canyon based on the rebuilt Southern New Town region in Nanjing, China. The RNG k− ε turbulence model in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was employed to study the street...