Legal scholars engaged in academic research inevitably encounter various issues related to applicable methodology in the respective area of their legal research. This is partly because academic legal research is a relatively new field of inquiry and those trained in traditional legal research usually choose to ignore writing a methodology for their research paper/thesis. This has adversely affe...

This paper presents a new model, MUSCLE (Multidirectional Scanning for Line Extraction), for automatic vectorization of raster images with straight lines. The algorithm of the model implements the line thinning and the simple neighborhood methods to perform vectorization. The model allows users to define specified criteria which are crucial for acquiring the vectorization process. In this model...

The difficulties, barriers and challenges in implementing a regulatory framework for a pan-European electronic identity (eID)1 have been analyzed before in a number of studies. Deliverables pertaining to research projects funded by the European Union (EU), as well as study reports prepared for the European Commission in the areas of eID and eGovernment,2 have focused on the legal complexities t...

Deaths due to prescription and illicit opioid overdose have been rising at an alarming rate, particularly in the USA. Although naloxone injection is a safe and effective treatment for opioid overdose, it is frequently unavailable in a timely manner due to legal and practical restrictions on its use by laypeople. As a result, an effort spanning decades has resulted in the development of strategi...

This research examines the relationship between legal status and oral health care among Mexican-origin children. Using the 2001-2014 California Health Interview Surveys, the objectives are: (1) to demonstrate population-level changes in the legal statuses of parents, the legal statuses of children, and the likelihood of receiving dental care; (2) to reveal how the roles of legal status boundari...

With the increasing use of the internet, E-Procurement and E-Tendering can offer viable alternatives to traditional paper-based processes. Despite the many benefits, and theorising about its pitfalls, little work has been carried out in the UK regarding the importance of the drivers and barriers related to this technology. This study examines the drivers and barriers for E-procurement in constr...

Today, e-commerce has become a top priority for organizations. By getting use of the Internet, organizations can significantly influence the attitudes of their customers and encourage them to benefit from the services provided by them. Consequently, organizations can affordably become a leader in the market, supply, delivery, and service. Furthermore, development of e-commerce in all existing...