The aim of this study was to determine whether the reliability raters provided by assessing reading prosody using Multidimensional Fluency Scale (MDFS). completed with a cross-sectional design, and in line this, prosodic skills 41 fifth-grade students were rated elementary school classroom teachers Turkish language arts MDFS. Data obtained from ratings analyzed many-facet Rasch model (MFRM). Wh...

This study examined minority influence within virtual groups and how members’ geographic dispersion and argument consistency affect group decisions. Competing predictions were derived from several theories that were applicable but untested in the domain of online interaction: a double minority effect, the black sheep effect, congruity theory applied to groups, and the minority leniency contract...

This meta-analysis explores agreement in self- and supervisory ratings of job performance (k = 128 independent samples). It suggests a 3-stage model of the rating process and reviews the empirical evidence for the relevance of each of these 3 stages to an understanding of agreement in ratings. The proposed 3-stage model serves as the guiding rationale for the examination of an extensive set of ...

C among firms yields many benefits but can also encourage firms to engage in corrupt or unethical activities. We argue that competition can lead organizations to provide services that customers demand but that violate government regulations, especially when price competition is restricted. Using 28 million vehicle emissions tests from more than 11,000 facilities, we show that increased competit...

Samples of about 200 undergraduate courses were investigated in each of 3 consecutive academic terms. Course survey forms assessed evaluative ratings, expected grades, and course workloads. A covariance structure model was developed in exploratory fashion for the 1st term's data, and then successfully cross-validated in each of the next 2 terms. The 2 major features of the successful model were...

Context: The article analyzes the Leniency Program of European Commission and CADE, highlighting its positive negative effects, considering concepts efficiency effectiveness. Objective: seeks to undertake a critical analysis CADE. Method: Programs established by using available empirical qualitative data, as well data from OECD’s materials verify level effectiveness both programs. Conclusions: ...