Stereotactic Gamma Knife radiosurgery has been widely used for treating trigeminal neuralgia (TN). A single large fractional dose of 7000 to 9000 cGy is commonly prescribed as the maximum dose for these treatments. For this reason, if a small percentage of the prescribed dose such as 2-3% scattered to the eye, it could reach or even exceed the tolerance dose of the lens. For several TN cases, w...

introduction: the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of one nitric oxide inhibitor on the thickness and number of circular smooth muscle cells of pylor in rat embryo. material and methods: to determine the influence of nitric oxide reduction on the muscular layer of pylor in rat embryo, in the present study, pregnant sprague-dawley rats received the no synthase inhibitor n-nitro-l-a...

  Background: Increased oxygen free radical and reduced glutathione level in the eye lens are important risk factor for cataract formation. The antioxidative property and increasing cellular and extra cellular glutathione level have been reported by several herbal medicines including silymarin.  Objective: In present interventional study Silybum marianum L. seed extract (silymarin) was tested a...

The advances in digital imaging and the improvement in interventional tools and devices like catheters and stents have expanded the use of interventional procedures. During the period 1998-2008, the total number of interventional procedures increased by 78% [1]. Interventional radiology [IR] and cardiology [IC] procedures deliver high radiation doses both to patients and medical personnel, whic...

Based upon recent epidemiological studies of ocular exposure, the Main Commission of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in ICRP Publication 118 states that the threshold dose for radiation-induced cataracts is now considered to be approximately 0.5 Gy for both acute and fractionated exposures. Consequently, a reduction was also recommended for the occupational annual...

A questionnaire was developed by the members of WG12 of EURADOS in order to establish an overview of the current status of eye lens radiation dose monitoring in hospitals. The questionnaire was sent to medical physicists and radiation protection officers in hospitals across Europe. Specific topics were addressed in the questionnaire such as: knowledge of the proposed eye lens dose limit; monito...

Members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family induce lens epithelial cells to undergo cell division and differentiate into fibres; a low dose of FGF can stimulate cell proliferation (but not fibre differentiation), whereas higher doses of FGF are required to induce fibre differentiation. To determine if these cellular events are regulated by the same signalling pathways, we examined the ...