Introduction Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy with very poor prognosis. Conventional chemotherapy only rarely prolongs the survival, therefore patients require novel treatment modalities. The discovery of specific receptors for hypothalamic hormones on cancer cells has led to the development of radiolabeled and cytotoxic hormone analogs. Materials and meth...

Download pose: In addition to their expression on pituitary cells, receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing ne (LH-RH) are found on most prostate cancer cells. These tumoral LH-RH receptors mediate the cytotoxic effects of LH-RH analogs and are potential therapeutic targets. Although pituitary LH-RH ors are downregulated following prolonged exposure to LH-RH agonists, there is no evidence th...

Testosterone (T) exerts negative feedback on the hypothalamo-pituitary (GnRH-LH) unit, but the relative roles of the CNS and pituitary are not established. We postulated that relatively greater LH responses to flutamide (brain-permeant antiandrogen) than bicalutamide (brain-impermeant antiandrogen) should reflect greater feedback via CNS than pituitary/peripheral androgen receptor-dependent pat...

Luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor sites and in vitro testosterone production in response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulation (Leydig cell responsiveness) were studied in two distinct populations of Leydig cells after different modes of in vivo gonadotropin treatments. Dispersed cells from decapsulated rat testes were purified and separated into two distinct populations of Leydig c...

In an investigation comparing two strains of mice (BALB/c, susceptible to estrogen-induced Leydig cell tumors and C3H, resistant to such tumors), we found that the Leydig cell-luteinizing hormone (LH) receptors increase in BALB/c mice and decrease in C3H mice during estrogen treatment. In the BALB/c strain, LH receptor content in the tested of mice treated 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks with diethylsti...

Evidence shows that luteinising hormone (LH) participates in enhancing the transition from early to antral stage of folliculogenesis. Functional LH receptor was demonstrated be expressed, albeit at a very low level, even smaller follicles during phase traditionally considered gonadotropin-independent suggesting role for accelerating rate progression non-growing and primary preantral/antral stag...

The maintenance of meiotic prophase arrest in fully grown vertebrate oocytes depends on the activity of a G(s) G-protein that activates adenylyl cyclase and elevates cAMP, and in the mouse oocyte, G(s) is activated by a constitutively active orphan receptor, GPR3. To determine whether the action of luteinizing hormone (LH) on the mouse ovarian follicle causes meiotic resumption by inhibiting GP...

BACKGROUND Human luteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) are glycoprotein hormones regulating development and reproductive functions by acting on the same receptor (LHCGR). We compared the LH and hCG activity in gonadal cells from male mouse in vitro, i.e. primary Leydig cells, which is a common tool used for gonadotropin bioassay. Murine Leydig cells are naturally expressing ...

Spontaneous physical activity (SPA) describes activity outside of formal exercise and shows large interindividual variability. The hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin peptides are key regulators of SPA. Orexins drive SPA within multiple brain sites, including rostral lateral hypothalamus (LH) and nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh). Rats with high basal SPA (high activity, HA) show higher orexin mRNA ex...

We model the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on the production of luteinizing hormone (LH) by the ovine pituitary. GnRH, released by the hypothalamus, stimulates the secretion of LH from the pituitary. If stimulus pulses are regular, LH response will follow a similar pattern. However, during application of GnRH at high frequencies or concentrations or with continuous application...