This paper aimed to review and compare the conventional and advanced numerical techniques used for stability analysis of rock slopes. Two important methods of probabilistic limit equilibrium analysis and distinct element method are used to check the stability of northern abutment rock slope of Gotvand dam (iran) and the advantages and disadvantages of each method is discussed. The results of th...

Current evolutionary biology models usually assume that a phenotype undergoes gradual change. This is in stark contrast to biological intuition which indicates that change can also be punctuated — the phenotype can jump. Such a jump can especially occur at speciation, i.e. dramatic change occurs that drives the species apart. Here we derive a central limit theorem for punctuated equilibrium. We...

Stabilized versions of the orthogonal residual and constant incremental work control path following methods are introduced. These new methods overcome the difficulty observed in the original methods when traversing the equilibrium path near displacement limit points. The modification automatically relaxes the orthogonality constraint near the displacement limit points. In addition, the modified...

Limit equilibrium (LE) methods have been commonly used to analyze stability of geosynthetic-reinforced slopes. LE methods assume a potential slip surface, the soils along this slip surface providing shear resistance, and geosynthetic reinforcement providing tensile forces and resisting moments. Continuum mechanics-based numerical method has become increasingly used in recent years for slope sta...

We consider 2-player stochastic games with perfectly observed actions, and study the limit, as the discount factor goes to one, of the equilibrium payoffs set. In the usual setup where current states are observed by the players, we show that the set of stationary equilibrium payoffs always converges, and provide a simple example where the set of equilibrium payoffs has no limit. We then introdu...