Leptospirosis is a worldwide sanitary problem. Its clinical signs resemble that of other diseases like Dengue and Flu, and it is difficult to distinguish between them. Currently available diagnostic methods shown low sensitivity and specificity. Efforts have been made to develop simpler, faster and more efficient diagnostic methods. The aim of this work was to evaluate and optimize a Nested-PCR...

We studied the feasibility of using halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) and carboxyl-functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs) as antigen carriers to improve immune responses against a recombinant LipL32 protein (rLipL32). Immunisation using the HNTs or COOH-MWCNTs significantly increased the rLipL32-specific IgG antibody titres (p < 0.05) of Golden Syrian hamsters. None of the va...

Leptospirosis of animals and man is an important rereported in recent years are LipL32, LipL41 and OmpL1; they emerging infectious disease worldwide. In domestic animals are expressed in-vivo during infection. LipL32 and LipL41 it is an important cause of abortion, stillbirth, infertility, are important and surface-exposed leptospiral outer membrane decreased milk production and death. In dairy...

BACKGROUND Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. A major challenge of this disease is the application of basic research to improve diagnostic methods and related vaccine development. Outer membrane proteins of Leptospira are potential candidates that may be useful as diagnostic or immunogenic factors in treatment and analysis of the disease. OBJECTIVES...

BACKGROUND The microscopic agglutination test (MAT), the standard method for serological diagnosis of leptospirosis, may present limitations regarding its sensitivity. Current studies suggest that Leptospira immunoglobulin-like (Lig) proteins and LipL32 are of particular interest as serodiagnostic markers since they are present only in pathogenic species of the Leptospira genus. The purpose of ...

Detection of antibody specific to Leptospira by various immunological techniques has been used for leptospirosis diagnosis. However, the sensitivity of antibody detection during the first few days after infection is low. Molecular techniques are suggested to provide earlier diagnosis than antibody detection, but a rapid and easy to perform assay for Leptospira antigen detection would provide an...

Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes belonging to the genus Leptospira. An understanding of leptospiral protein expression regulation is needed to develop new immunoprotective and serodiagnostic strategies. We used the humoral immune response during human leptospirosis as a reporter of protein antigens expressed during infection. Qualitative and quantitative im...