System frequency may change from defined values while transmitting power from one area to another in an interconnected power system due to various reasons such as load changes and faults. This frequency change causes a frequency error in the system. However, the system frequency should always be maintained close to the nominal value even in the presence of model uncertainties and physical const...

This paper presents the analysis of the load frequency control (LFC) of a realistic two area interconnected power system having diverse sources of power generation. A Thyristor Controlled Phase Shifter (TCPS) is used in series with AC tie line for improving the dynamic performance of the LFC system. The power system simulation is done using MATLAB Simulink and control problem is solved using MA...

In this paper a new evolutionary computing method based on imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is used for tuning the parameters of a PID controller which is applied in a load frequency control system (LFC) in a multi area electric power system. If a large power imbalance is suddenly happened in a multi area power electric system, generation units and also consumer sides will be affected by...

In this paper, the problems of market monitoring and control of ancillary services of future energy systems are presented. We envision that future system operation of electric power systems will evolve into completely unbundled ancillary service markets that are governed by spot price signals. The grid operators need to acquire ancillary services through competitive markets for control of the s...

Due to rapidly growing amount of wind turbines and new types of power generation and demand technologies, The infrastructure Load Frequency Control (LFC) in power system should improve. Maintenance of frequency of power system is done by Automatic Load Frequency Control (AGC).Since the complexity of power systems are increasing, now days LFC systems must be able to handle multi-objective regula...

Continuity of the power quality is important in modern day grid structure and smart future. Incorporating renewable energy sources to present system increase usage technology devices will cause decrease. Power harmonics can be characterized as one factors that causes a decrease quality. The effects this factor, if not prevented, lead performance reliability systems which economic losses. In stu...

In an interconnected power system, as a power load demand varies randomly both area frequency and tie-line power interchange also vary. The objectives of load frequency control (LFC) are to minimize the deviations in these variables (area frequency and tie-line power interchange) and to ensure their steady state errors to be zero. In this area of energy crisis, renewable energy is the most prom...

With high wind power penetration, imbalance between generation and consumption is increased, and as a consequence the frequency deviation from the nominal value will be magnified. For frequency control purpose in conventional power systems, the synchronous generators are only responsible. However, it is expected that the renewable energy sources (RESs) are also needed to contribute in frequency...

Prior to the 1965 blackout in the Northeastern US the electric utility companies operated their systems with two separate real time systems. The first, which I will call the load control system, consisted of analog computers connected to measurement transducers at major tie line connections to neighboring systems as well as to generating plants and was used to control the frequency and net inte...