Load profiling refers to a procedure that leads to the formulation of daily load curves and consumer classes regarding the similarity of the curve shapes. This procedure incorporates a set of unsupervised machine learning algorithms. While many crisp clustering algorithms have been proposed for grouping load curves into clusters, only one soft clustering algorithm is utilized for the aforementi...

Real-time pricing schemes make the customers to feel the energy price volatility and improve their load profiles. However, these schemes have no significant effect on demand-side uncertainty reduction. In this paper, considering smart grid infrastructures and smart building Energy Management System (EMS), a new real-time pricing scheme is presented to reduce the uncertainty of demand-side. In t...

The expansion of renewable energies triggers problems in today’s energy system, which cause increasing demand for flexibility. Demand Side Management (DSM) supports the integration of renewable energy sources into the energy system. To examine the DSM potential for relevant household appliances (here: dishwasher, washing machine, dryer) precisely, their characteristics, i. e. load profile, time...

Demand prediction is an important aspect in the development of any model for electricity planning. The analysis of customer load profile and load estimation is an important and useful area of electricity distribution technology and management. In our system we are trying to analyze particular household data so as to define its load profile based upon various factors and try to predict its futur...

With the continuous development of economy, China's power load increases rapidly every year, which leads to traditional generation side investment has been difficult meet people's daily needs. Therefore, demand management (hereinafter referred as DSM) become main supply method based on user demand, can regulate system by stimulating resources. At present, DSM actual form analysis, needs be anal...

OBJECTIVE To investigate potential barriers to the utilisation of the ART approach in a South African public oral health service. METHOD 7 barriers were identified: patient load/work load, operator opinion, patient opinion, service management, material supply, clinical ART skill, chair-side assistance. Operators were asked to answer a questionnaire one year after completing the ART training. ...