The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of long fibre concentration on loadability and pulp properties during LC refining of mechanical pulp. Long fibre concentration was adjusted to three different levels by screen fractionation of the pulp. The three pulps were refined in a single disc pilot scale LC refiner at similar process conditions. Increased long fibre concentration supp...

In this paper, the Static Var Compensator (SVC) has been used to improve dynamic behaviour of power system. To do this, a new objective function is formulated considering power loss reduction, voltage profile improvement and loadability margin decrease. Other contribution of this research is proposing a novel structure for Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm through modifying the initia...

This paper presents the introduction of various FACTS controllers such as SVC, TCSC, TCPAR or TCPAT, SSSC, STATCOM, UPFC, IPFC, GUPFC, HPFC for operation, control, planning & protection from different performance point of view such as increased the loadability, improve the voltage profile, minimize the active power losses, increased the available transfer capacity, enhance the transient and ste...

This paper presents a methodology for the optimal placement of wind farms and FACTS units in power networks, in order to guarantee the voltage profile and to maximize the loadability of the system under voltage sags conditions. Results shown in the paper indicate that the proposed formulations can be used to determine which the best buses are where the addition of Var sources can enhance the vo...

This paper deals with the optimal location and parameters of TCSC and SVC in electrical power systems, using Particle Swarm Optimization technique (PSO). The objective is to maximize the transmission system loadability subjected to the transmission line capacity limits and specified bus voltage levels. Using the proposed method, the location of SVC and TCSC and their parameters are optimized si...

We never loaded a long extra high voltage to their thermal limits in order to keep sufficient margin against transient instability. With this scheme proposed in this paper, it is possible to load these lines very near to their thermal limits. Here we inject dc power in to dc transmission line to carry usual ac along with dc superimposed on it. The added power flow does not cause any transient i...

This paper presents a mixed integer programming based approach for optimal placement of DC model of Unified Power Flow Controller in the deregulated electricity environment. The method accounts for DC load flow equations taking constraints on generation, line flow, and UPFC parameters. The security of transactions has become important issue to reserve the available transfer capability. Therefor...