Stimulation of exocrine cells via muscarinic receptors is associated with an activation of protein kinase C [Padel & S6ling (1985) Eur. J. Biochem. 151, 1-10]. We show here that stimulation of isolated parotid gland lobules with 8 x 10-6 M-carbamoylcholine leads to a translocation of protein kinase C from the cytosolic to the particulate compartment within 30 s (25% and 45% of total activity re...

The functional organization of the cerebellum is reflected in large part by the unique afferent and efferent connectivity of the individual cerebellar lobules. This functional diversity on a relatively small spatial scale makes accurate localization methods for human functional imaging and anatomical patient-based research indispensable. Here we present a probabilistic atlas of the cerebellar l...

The thymus gland is a lymphatic organ involved in lymphoid cell development and maturation. However, its embryologic origins come from the endoderm as epithelial outgrowths of the lower portion of the third pharyngeal pouches. Cells of these epithelial outgrowths grow into the surrounding mesenchyma and subsequently constitute the medullary areas of the lobules of the thymus. In some areas, epi...

The spherical anatomy of human and rat liver lobules implies that more central cells have less time to carry out their function than more peripherally located cells because blood flows past them more rapidly. This problem could be overcome if more centrilobular cells could operate at higher temperatures than periportal cells. This study presents evidence for such a temperature gradient. Firstly...

Brief strong depolarization of cerebellar Purkinje cells produces a slow inward cation current. This current, called depolarization-induced slow current (DISC), is triggered by Ca influx in the Purkinje cell and is attenuated by a blocker of vesicular fusion. Previous work in other brain regions, such as the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area, has shown that dopamine can be released fr...

The cerebellum plays vital roles in balance control and motor learning, including in saccadic adaptation and coordination. It consists of the vermis and two hemispheres and is anatomically separated into ten lobules that are designated as I-X. Although neuroimaging and clinical studies suggest that functions are compartmentalized within the cerebellum, the function of each cerebellar lobule is ...

Liver radioembolization is a treatment option for unresectable liver cancers, performed by infusion of 90Y or 166Ho loaded spheres in the hepatic artery. As tumoral cells are mainly perfused via artery unlike lobules, twofold tumor to normal dose ratio commonly obtained. To improve cell killing while preserving co-infusion arterial vasoconstrictor has been proposed but with limited success: buf...

Release of peroxidase from secretory cells of rat lacrimal gland upon cholinergic stimulation was studied in vitro with single lobules and isolated cells (lacrimocytes). Isolated lobules, kept in Eagle's medium, remain structurally intact and reaction product of peroxidase is confined to cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, elements of the Golgi apparatus, and all secretory granules. Morph...

Abstract Background Investigation of lobule-specific electric field effects cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on overground gait performance has not been performed, so this study aimed to investigate the feasibility two bilateral ctDCS montages facilitate walking in chronic stroke. Methods Ten post-stroke male subjects participated repeated-measure single-blind crossove...